Fungal diseases

The skin fungus can manifest itself in many different places of the human body. The affected areas are conspicuous by a reddening of the skin surface and severe itching. Scaly plaques form and the skin can tear, resulting in sores.

Ointments containing the active ingredients that kill the pathogens can be used for therapy. Read more about fungal diseases here. Athlete’s foot is one of the most common skin diseases in Germany.

The affected areas show redness. In addition, there is severe itching and scaling of the skin in these areas. Also a wetting of the skin and formation of blisters is possible.

The risk of infection is high in public baths. Various creams are available for therapy, as well as medication to kill the fungi. An infection by a nail fungus describes the infestation of the nail bed.

It leads to a thickening and deformation of the nail, which leads to instability. Consequently, the nail begins to crumble. Besides it comes to a yellowish, brown discoloration.

Also pain when walking can be caused. The danger of infection is particularly high in warm and humid environments, such as in the sauna or swimming pool.In case of a light infestation, conventional household remedies such as apple vinegar and baking powder are a good alternative to medication. In case of an infestation of the nail bed, drugs can be taken which kill the fungi.

Tissue specific diseases

The most common skin disease is acne. It typically begins in puberty between the ages of 10 and 14 and recedes at the latest by the age of 20-25. The clinical picture is characterized by comedones (blackheads), papules and pustules (spots) and abscesses (pus), depending on the severity of the disease.

Affected areas are mainly the face, shoulders, and a V-shaped area on the upper back and chest. Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands, which is caused by various factors (e.g. bacteria). The basis of the treatment is correct and thorough skin cleansing.

Depending on the extent of the disease, other treatment options, such as the administration of antibiotics, may also be considered. The clinical picture of hyperkeratosis describes thickening of the outer skin layer, the so-called horny layer. Normally it has a protective role.

However, various causes can lead to a disorder and thus increased formation of the cornea. Hyperkeratosis occurs in various forms, such as warts, corns and actinic keratosis. Causes for the emergence can be a mechanical irritation or UV radiation.

The therapy depends on the form of hyperkeratosis. Leukoplakia describes the thickening of the cornea of the mucous membranes (especially in the oral area). It forms white stripes that cannot be wiped off.

The risk of developing a skin tumor from such a skin change is increased. Mechanical irritations are the cause of the development. There are no symptoms other than the whitish appearance.

The therapy includes the consistent avoidance of the irritation. For example, patients who smoke should stop smoking immediately. In most cases the leukoplakia then heals by itself.

Sebaceous gland cysts are caused by a blockage of a sebaceous gland by sebaceous gland secretion. In medical terminology, it is also called an atheroma. They can occur in various parts of the body, such as the head or even the intimate area.

An exact cause for the development is not known. Sebaceous cysts are usually asymptomatic. They cause pain in rare cases.

For example, when they are inflamed by a bacterial infection. The therapy consists of removing this cyst. A mole (lat.

nevus) describes a malformation of the skin, which occurs due to an increase of pigment cells at a locally limited area. It is one of the most common changes in the skin. In principle, they are all precursors of skin cancer, but degeneration is rare. In the case of conspicuous liver spots, tissue samples are taken and the dermatologist decides whether removal may be appropriate.