Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases (E00-E90).
- Hyperparathyroidism (parathyroid hyperfunction) – osseous manifestation of the disease: osteodystrophia cystica generalisata von Recklinghausen (hemorrhagic resorption cysts = brown tumors with irregularly distributed clusters of giant cells) (rather rare)
Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach, and intestine (K00-K67; K90-K93).
- Reparative giant cell granuloma – slow-growing lesion resulting in painless distension of the bone with tooth displacement and loosening.
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).
- Aneurysmal bone cyst (AKZ) – tumor-like osteolytic lesions (“bone loss”) with dark red to brownish cavities up to 14 cm3 in size.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48).
- Chondroblastoma – tumor originating from the cartilage cells.
- Chondromyxoid fibroma – rare, chondroplastic bone tumor.
- Chondrosarcoma – malignant (malignant) bone tumor.
- Enchondroma – benign (benign) bone tumor originating from cartilage tissue and consisting of mature chondrocytes (cartilage cells).
- Eosinophilic granuloma – solitary tumor-like osteolytic lesions.
- Myeloma, solitary – plasma cell disease with formation of a single tumor in bone.
- Plasmocytoma (synonym: multiple myeloma) (spine) – malignant (malignant) systemic disease belonging to the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of B lymphocytes.
- Secondary bone tumor – carcinoma metastasis (spine).
- Teleangiectatic osteosarcoma – malignant (malignant) bone tumor.
Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99).
- Growing pains-about one-third of all children between 2 and 12 years of age occasionally suffer from growing pains; they usually occur in the evening or at night (80% of cases); the next morning, the child is able to move without pain and without restrictions
- Symptoms/complaints:
- Localizations:
- Front sides of the thighs
- Backs of knees
- Shins or calves
- Pain always occurs on both sides, alternating between both extremities if necessary, and can vary in intensity
- Joints are not affected
- Growing pains are pain at rest, not pain on exertion [diagnosis of exclusion! Conditions to clarify include rheumatic diseases, bone tumors, bone infections or unnoticed bone injury]
- Complaints are self-limiting
- Warning signs (red flags) of malignancy (malignant tumor): B symptoms (severe night sweats, unexplained persistent or recurrent (recurrent) fever (> 38 °C); unwanted weight loss (> 10% percent of body weight within 6 months)), back pain as the main localization, palpable mass, bleeding tendency, nonarticular bone pain (bone pain that does not involve a joint); abnormalities in the blood count and smear, LDH ↑
- Physical examination: no abnormal examination results.
- Laboratory diagnostics:
- Small blood count
- Differential blood count
- ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate)
- If necessary, also determination of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase (AP), LDH, creatinine.
- Medical Device Diagnostics:
- X-ray in two planes
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the affected region.
Injuries, poisonings and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98).
- Injuries/sports injuries
