The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by chondrosarcoma: Neoplasms – Tumor diseases (C00-D48). Metastasis (daughter tumors) – esp. to the lungs (hematogenous/via the bloodstream). Symptoms and abnormal clinical and laboratory findings not elsewhere classified (R00-R99). Chronic pain Injuries, poisonings, and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98) Pathologic fractures … Chondrosarcoma: Complications
Chondrosarcomas are classified as follows: Primary chondrosarcoma (approximately two-thirds of cases). Chondrosarcoma (conventional) Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma Juxtacortical (periosteal) chondrosarcoma Clear cell chondrosarcoma Malignant chondroblastoma Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma Secondary chondrosarcoma (about one-third of cases). Central chondrosarcoma as a secondary lesion in enchondroma (“cartilaginous tumor”) or multiple enchondromas (with/without Ollier’s disease) Peripheral chondrosarcoma as a secondary lesion in solitary … Chondrosarcoma: Classification
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Neck Extremities: [Swelling? may be reddish in color; size; consistency; displaceability of skin from underlying surface. Deformities of joints and bones? Overheating … Chondrosarcoma: Examination
1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. Biopsy (tissue sample) – to determine the type of tumor as well as its aggressiveness; most important diagnostic measure in cases of suspected tumor; performed following imaging procedures (see “Medical Device Diagnostics“). Alkaline phosphatase (AP) isoenzymes, ostase, urinary calcium (tumor hypercalcemia (synonym: tumor-induced hypercalcemia, TIH) is one … Chondrosarcoma: Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic targets Relief of pain Stabilization of bone sections at risk of fracture Removal of the tumor – see “Surgical Therapy“. Healing Therapy recommendations Chondrosarcoma responds poorly to chemotherapy and radiatio (radiation therapy), making surgical removal the only and most effective treatment option. Analgesia according to WHO staging scheme: Non-opioid analgesic (paracetamol, first-line agent). Low-potency … Chondrosarcoma: Drug Therapy
Mandatory medical device diagnostics. Conventional radiography of the affected body region, in two planes – to assess the extent of tumor growth; often lacks malignancy criteria Computed tomography (CT; cross-sectional imaging (radiographs taken from different directions with computer-based evaluation)) – for the purpose of determining the location, size, and extent of the tumor (bone destruction/destruction?), … Chondrosarcoma: Diagnostic Tests
For malignant (malignant) tumors, one strives for removal in healthy tissue with a safety margin. The following form of surgical therapy is available: Wide resection – method of choice for malignant (malignant) bone tumors. Procedure: wide and radical resection (surgical removal) of the tumor with a safety margin of 5 cm (proximal (toward the center … Chondrosarcoma: Surgical Therapy
Chondrosarcoma is not only resistant to chemotherapy but also responds poorly to radiotherapy (radiation therapy). However, radiatio (in this case, proton therapy) may be considered in the following cases: Inoperable chondrosarcoma Chondrosarcoma was removed not far in the healthy. Thus, local tumor control can be achieved in approximately 30-50% of cases over a period of … Chondrosarcoma: Radiotherapy
The clinical picture depends on the size or extent, location, and stage. The following symptoms and complaints may indicate chondrosarcoma: Main symptoms Bone pain that also occurs at rest and/or at night and increases in intensity – only in the later course! Swelling, deformation, overheating at joints and bones (palpable) – the swelling may be … Chondrosarcoma: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (disease development) Chondrosarcoma is one of the cartilaginous tumors. Chondrosarcoma exhibits cell nuclear atypia, which means that the nucleus of the malignant (malignant) degenerated tissue shows alteration. One form of cell nuclear atypia is pleomorphism, in which nuclei of similar cells take on a different appearance. The more differentiated a tumor is, the more … Chondrosarcoma: Causes
General measures Nicotine restriction (refraining from tobacco use). Limited alcohol consumption (men: max. 25 g alcohol per day; women: max. 12 g alcohol per day). Limited caffeine consumption (max 240 mg of caffeine per day; equivalent to 2 to 3 cups of coffee or 4 to 6 cups of green/black tea). Aim for normal weight! … Chondrosarcoma: Therapy: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment
Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of chondrosarcoma. Family history Are there any diseases in your family that are common? (Tumor diseases) Social anamnesis Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). Do you suffer from persistent or increasing pain in the skeletal system for which there is no … Chondrosarcoma: Medical History
