Transferrin is an iron transport protein in the blood that is one of the anti-acute phase proteins (see below). It transfers iron either to erythrocytes (red blood cells) as functional iron or to the reticuloendothelial system as storage iron. Transferrin saturation (TfS) can be calculated from transferrin and iron: TfS (%) = ( iron in … Transferrin: Effects
Alpha-2-macroglobulin is an acute-phase protein belonging to the plasma protein group. It is produced primarily in hepatocytes (liver cells), as well as fibroblasts (connective tissue cells) and macrophages (phagocytes). Alpha-2-macroglobulin is involved in many metabolic processes in an inhibitory manner. Alpha-2-macroglobulin belongs to the marker proteins in urine. These allow the differentiation and monitoring of … Alpha-2 Macroglobulin
Coeruloplasmin (synonyms: ceruloplasmin, caryuloplasmin, ferroxidase) is an acute-phase protein synthesized (produced) in the liver in hepatocytes (“liver cells”). It is the binding and transport protein for copper (copper storage) and contains 8 divalent copper ions (Cu++) per molecule. After incorporation of copper, secretion (excretion) from the liver occurs. Coeruloplasmin migrates to the tissues of copper … Coeruloplasmin
Ferritin is an iron storage protein that can be used to clearly distinguish iron deficiency anemia from tumor or infectious anemia. It belongs to the acute phase proteins (see below). Ferritin is found primarily in the spleen, liver, and bone marrow, as well as the reticuloendothelial system. The procedure Material needed Blood serum Or plasma … Ferritin: Effects
Haptoglobin (acronym: Hp) is an α2-glycoprotein and acute-phase protein. It is synthesized (produced) in the liver. Haptoglobin binds free hemoglobin (fHb) containing iron as a transport protein to form a haptoglobin-hemoglobin complex (HHK). Release of iron would result in the formation of reactive oxygen radicals, which exert a toxic effect. Due to genetic polymorphism (occurrence … Haptoglobin
Complement factors C3, C4 (synonyms: complement C3; C3 complement factor; complement C4; C4 complement factor) are acute-phase proteins and part of the nonspecific humoral immune system. They serve the defense against infections by eliminating cellular antigens (e.g. bacteria). In addition, due to their cell-destructive properties, if they act in an unregulated manner, they can cause … Complement Factors C3 and C4
Procalcitonin (PCT; synonym: PCT test) is a precursor of calcitonin. It belongs to the acute-phase proteins and is formed in the C cells of the thyroid gland and neuroendocrine glands of various internal organs.The formation of procalcitonin is mainly influenced by bacterial infections. In viral diseases, there is a maximum slight increase, usually it remains … Procalcitonin
