Cystic Kidney Disease

Cystic Kidney Disease: Diagnostic Tests

Obligatory medical device diagnostics. Renal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of the kidneys) – for basic diagnosis. [Polycystic kidney disease: multiple, echo-poor, smoothly circumscribed, cystic structures with typical dorsal sound enhancement; regular sizing of the kidneys by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a standardized protocol in specialized clinics is required to determine the risk of progression (“risk … Cystic Kidney Disease: Diagnostic Tests

Cystic Kidney Disease: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

The following symptoms and complaints may indicate cystic kidney disease (polycystic kidney disease): Arterial hypertension (high blood pressure). Microhematuria – only microscopically visible blood in the urine. Macrohematuria – blood in the urine visible to the naked eye. Moderate proteinuria (excretion of protein in urine: < 1 g/d). Moderate polyuria – increased urine excretion (volume … Cystic Kidney Disease: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs

Cystic Kidney Disease: Causes

Pathogenesis (disease development) The forms of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPND) are caused by genetic mutations. In most cases, the mutation is in the PKD1 gene; in approximately 15%, the mutation is in the PKD2 gene. An essential mechanism for cyst growth in ADPND is the transport of fluid into the interior of the … Cystic Kidney Disease: Causes

Cystic Kidney Disease: Therapy

General measures Any concomitant medical conditions should be carefully monitored and treated. Blood pressure should be optimally adjusted. Blood lipids (blood fats) should be controlled and, if necessary, brought to a low level. Urine should be checked regularly for urinary tract infections! Nicotine restriction; smoking is harmful to the kidneys! Limited alcohol consumption (men: max. … Cystic Kidney Disease: Therapy

Cystic Kidney Disease: Medical History

Medical history (history of illness) is an important component in the diagnosis of cystic kidney disease (polycystic kidney disease). Family history What is the general health status of your relatives? Are there any diseases in your family that are common? Are there any hereditary diseases in your family? Social history What is your profession? Current … Cystic Kidney Disease: Medical History

Cystic Kidney Disease: Complications

The following are the major diseases or complications that may be contributed to by ADPKD (Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney, ADPKD): Cardiovascular system (I00-I99) Aortic aneurysm – wall bulge of the aorta. Arterial hypertension (high blood pressure) – in >80% of cases; onset: young adulthood. Heart valve changes such as mitral valve prolapse (systolic protrusion of … Cystic Kidney Disease: Complications

Cystic Kidney Disease: Classification

Renal cysts are classified according to Bosniak’s classification of simple and complicated cysts: Cyst type Description Procedure (approach) Simple cysts Type I Benign (benign) renal cyst: Fluid-filled, invisible or filmy cyst wall, In ultrasound sound amplification behind the cyst, no septa (septum/cross-walls), no calcification (calcium deposition) in the cyst wall, no solid portions, No contrast … Cystic Kidney Disease: Classification

Cystic Kidney Disease: Examination

A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing): skin, mucous membranes and sclerae (white part of the eye). Palpation (palpation) of the abdomen (tenderness?, knocking pain?, coughing pain?, defensive tension?, hernial orifices?, kidney bearing knocking pain?) Health … Cystic Kidney Disease: Examination

Cystic Kidney Disease: Test and Diagnosis

1st order laboratory parameters – obligatory laboratory tests. Small blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein). Urine status (rapid test for: Nitrite, protein, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, urobilinogen) incl. sediment, if necessary urine culture (pathogen detection and resistogram, that is, testing of suitable antibiotics for sensitivity / resistance). Electrolytes – calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphate. Renal … Cystic Kidney Disease: Test and Diagnosis

Cystic Kidney Disease: Drug Therapy

Therapeutic targets Blood pressure reduction in hypertension (high blood pressure). Therapy of renal insufficiency (process leading to a slowly progressive reduction in renal function). Therapy for urinary tract infection Therapy recommendations Antihypertensives in hypertension [see below Hypertension or chronic renal failure]. Inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) may favorably affect the progression of renal failure: … Cystic Kidney Disease: Drug Therapy