Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of cytomegaly. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Social history What is your profession? Do you live in a community facility? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). Suffer from general feeling of illness with: Headache and … Cytomegaly: Medical History
Therapeutic targets Improvement of the symptomatology Avoidance of complications Therapy recommendations Symptomatic therapy (analgesics, antipyretics, if necessary). Virostasis (virostatics/drugs that inhibit viral replication; indication: for life-threatening disease, immunosuppression, and complications, e.g., pneumonia (pneumonia), retinitis (retinitis), encephalitis (encephalitis), congenitally (congenitally) infected neonates and premature infants Immunocompetent patients usually do not require antiviral therapy. In transplanted patients, … Cytomegaly: Drug Therapy
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. Abdominal sonography in gravidity (ultrasound examination of the unborn child performed through the abdominal wall) – for suspected intrauterine CMV infection to detect CNS (central nervous system) signs and … Cytomegaly: Diagnostic Tests
To prevent infection with cytomegalovirus, care must be taken to reduce risk factors. The goal is to prevent transmission (“transmission of the pathogen”) in the first half of pregnancy. It should be noted that the main route of infection is through young children in the family. Note: If a pregnant woman is IgG and IGM … Cytomegaly: Prevention
In 80% cases, infection of immunocompetent pregnant women with human cytomegalovirus (HVMV) is asymptomatic, that is, without causing symptoms.Approximately 20% of pregnant women present with flu– or mononucleosis-like symptoms. Maternofetal transmission risk for HCMV as a function of time of primary maternal infection. Timing of maternal primary infection(maternal first infection). Transmission risk (%)(risk of transmission … Cytomegaly: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Diseases that may be considered as differential diagnoses of prenatal and perinatal infection with cytomegalovirus: Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Infection with enterovirus Rubella Sepsis (blood poisoning) Syphilis (Lues) – sexually transmitted infectious disease. Toxoplasmosis – bacterial infectious disease with the pathogen Toxoplasma gondii. Diseases differential diagnosis of postnatal infection … Cytomegaly: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be caused by infections with cytomegalovirus: Prenatal infection Respiratory System (J00-J99). Pneumonia (pneumonia); in this case: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia; acutely threatening to immunocompromised patients (eg, organ transplant; stem cell transplant; HIV). Eyes and eye appendages (H00-H59). Amaurosis (blindness) CMV retinitis/retinitis (esp. in HIV). Cataract … Cytomegaly: Complications
If a woman becomes infected with cytomegalovirus during pregnancy (perinatal infection), half of the cases result in infection of the unborn child. However, almost all children (90%) are asymptomatic at birth, that is, there are no symptoms. However, up to ten percent of newborns show the following symptoms. Low birth weight/insufficient weight development. Lymphadenopathy (swelling … Cytomegaly: Cytomegalovirus Infection during Pregnancy
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes, pharynx (throat), sclerae (white part of the eye), and lymph node stations [due tosymptoms: In prenatal infection: jaundice (jaundice), exanthema (skin rash), petechiae … Cytomegaly: Examination
2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the medical history, physical examination, etc. – for differential diagnostic workup In pregnancy: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody detection depending on the stage of pregnancy (see below). Amniocentesis (amniocentesis) – for diagnosis or exclusion of congenital (“congenital”) CMV infection: PCR (polymerase chain reaction; polymerase chain reaction) for … Cytomegaly: Test and Diagnosis
Pathogenesis (disease development) When the body is infected with cytomegalovirus – DNA virus of the herpes group – infection of the parotid gland (parotid gland) occurs, but it goes unnoticed. The virus spreads further in the body and infects all organs. Interstitial lymphoplasmacytic inflammation occurs with giant cells and nuclear (“located in the nucleus”) inclusion … Cytomegaly: Causes
General measures Observance of the general hygiene measures! In the occurrence of fever: Bed rest and physical rest (even if fever is only mild; if limb pain and lassitude occur without fever, bed rest and physical rest is also required, because myocarditis/heart muscle inflammation could occur as a result of the infection). Fever below 38.5 … Cytomegaly: Therapy
