Medical history (history of the patient) represents an important component in the diagnosis of aphtae. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Are there any diseases in your family that are common? Do any family members (e.g., parents/grandparents) have aphthae? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). How long have … Aphthe: Medical History
Blood, hematopoietic organs – immune system (D50-D90). Agranulocytosis – reduction in the number of granulocytes/subgroup of white blood cells. Iron deficiency anemia – form of anemia (anemia) caused by the lack of iron. Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-E90). Folic acid deficiency Vitamin B12 deficiency Skin and subcutaneous tissue (L00-L99) Bullous erythema exsudativum multiforme (synonyms: … Aphthe: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing): Oral cavity [milky to yellowish spots on the oral mucosa surrounded by a red halo; they are usually roundish or oval and usually no larger than a lentil] Health … Aphthe: Examination
2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, etc. – for differential diagnostic clarification Small blood count Differential blood count Inflammatory parameters – CRP (C-reactive protein) or ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). HIV test Smear for herpes simplex virus, biopsy (if herpes simplex virus negative) – in case of majoraphthae, … Aphthe: Test and Diagnosis
To prevent aphthae, attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors. Acute solitary aphthae Disease-related risk factors Infections Other risk factors Injuries in the oral cavity Poorly fitting braces or dentures Chronic recurrent aphthae Behavioral risk factors Diet Consumption of spicy foods and acidic foods such as citrus fruits, tomatoes. Micronutrient deficiency (vital substances) … Aphthe: Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate an aphtae: Main symptoms Milky to yellowish spots on the oral mucosa surrounded by a red halo; they are usually roundish or oval and usually no larger than a lens Secondary symptoms – major type (see below). Hypersalivation (synonyms: sialorrhea, sialorrhea or ptyalism) – increased salivation. Halitosis (bad … Aphthe: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Acute solitary aphthae Pathogenesis (disease development) The pathogenesis is not clear. The factors listed below are discussed as likely causes of acute solitary aphthae: Etiology (Causes) Disease-related causes Occurrence after infections Other causes Occurrence after injuries in the oral cavity Poorly fitting braces or dentures. Chronic recurrent aphthae Pathogenesis (disease development) Both the pathogenesis and … Aphthe: Causes
General measures Pay attention to a thorough oral hygiene! Limited alcohol consumption (men: max. 25 g alcohol per day; women: max. 12 g alcohol per day). Avoidance of psychosocial stress: Stress Ensure adequate sleep If necessary, have braces or dentures readjusted If necessary, change the toothpaste: The use of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-free toothpaste has … Aphthe: Therapy
Therapy goals Shortening the duration of the disease Reduction of the number and size Reduction of the painfulness Therapy recommendations Oral aphthae: Local: Local anesthetics (drugs for local anesthesia): benzocaine lozenges, lidocaine, 1% cream; ready-made mouth rinse with benzocaine and cetylpyridinium chloride. Antiseptics/antiphlogistics (drugs that inhibit inflammatory processes): Triclosan mouthwash (0.15% triclosan in ethanol (ethanol) … Aphthe: Drug Therapy