Products
Indometacin is commercially available as sustained-release capsules, indometacin eye drops (Indophtal), and solution for application (Elmetacin). This article refers to oral administration. The sustained-release capsules have been on the market in many countries since 1995 (Indocid, generic).
Structure and properties
Indomethacin (C19H16ClNO4, Mr = 357.8 g/mol) is an indoleacetic acid derivative. It exists as a white to yellow crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Indometacin is also available in the form of the prodrug acemetacin (Tilur).
Effects
Indomethacin (ATC M01AB01) has analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet properties. The effects are due to inhibition of cyclooxygenase and inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. The half-life is 4 to 5 hours.
Indications
For the treatment of acute and chronic pain and inflammatory conditions of various causes.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The sustained-release capsules are usually taken once or twice daily after meals.
Contraindications
Numerous drug interactions and precautions must be observed during use. Full details can be found in the drug label.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include headache, drowsiness, dizziness, drowsiness, depression, fatigue, tinnitus, nausea, and indigestion. Like all NSAIDs, indomethacin can rarely cause serious adverse effects, for example, gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disease, especially with long-term treatment.
Cf.
NSAIDs, indomethacin eye drops.