Products Rapid antigen tests for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 are available as medical devices from various suppliers (e.g., Roche, Abbott) for use by health care professionals. They are not approved for self-testing by patients in many countries. The rapid tests can be performed, for example, in doctors’ offices, hospitals, test centers, laboratories and pharmacies with … COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Tests
Products Covid-19 vaccines are in the development and approval phase and are already available in some countries. In many countries, BNT162b2 was the first agent approved on December 19, 2020. mRNA-1273 was approved in the EU on January 6, 2021, and in many countries on January 12, 2021. The first approval will be in Russia … COVID-19 Vaccines
The corpus ciliare is also known as the ciliary body or ray body and is located in the medial eye membrane. It serves accommodation, aqueous humor production, and lens suspension. If the suspension fibers of the lens break in an accident, the lens may slip out of the clamping of the ciliary body in a … Corpus Ciliare: Structure, Function & Diseases
Opsonin is the umbrella term for various proteins. Opsonins occur, for example, as antibodies or complement factors and as such are involved in the body’s immune response. Opsonins play a role in numerous diseases, which include autoinflammatory diseases as well as infections. What is opsonin? In biology, opsonins are various proteins that are part of … Opsonin: Function & Diseases
Opsonization is a process of the immune system. In this process, antibodies or proteins of the complement system bind to cells foreign to the body and label them to make them detectable by phagocytes. Lack of opsonization is tantamount to a defense deficiency and often corresponds to a hereditary deficiency of certain complement factors. What … Opsonization: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Products Natalizumab is commercially available as a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Tysabri). It has been approved in many countries since 2007. Structure and properties Natalizumab is a recombinant and humanized IgG4ϰ antibody produced in mouse cells that binds to α4-integrins. Effects Natalizumab (ATC L04AA23) has selective immunosuppressive properties. The effects are … Natalizumab
Biochemical interactions in the organism represent the basis of life. Basically, build-up and breakdown processes take place in the body, which are associated with energy uptake and energy release. Disturbances within the biochemical interactions express themselves in diseases. What are biochemical interactions in the body? Biochemical interactions in the body represent the basis of life. … Biochemical Interactions in the Body: Function, Role & Disease
Saliva production or salivation occurs in the oral cavity by the numerous minor salivary glands in the oral mucosa and three major salivary glands also located in the oral cavity. Since saliva, in addition to its physical functions, also performs important biochemical tasks with regard to digestive initiation (sugar), defense against infection and relief of … Salivation (Saliva Production): Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
The bacterium Salmonella Typhi causes the infectious disease typhoid fever. It is a pathogenic enterobacterium that has a high probability of causing disease. An infectious dose of 100 to 1000 pathogens is already sufficient. The rate of disease increases with the number of pathogens. Infection occurs primarily through humans. What is Salmonella Typhi? Salmonella Typhi … Salmonella Typhi: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
West Nile virus is found in tropical as well as temperate areas, is from the Flaviviridae family, and was discovered in 1937. The virus primarily infects birds. If the virus is transmitted to a human, the so-called West Nile fever develops, a disease that causes no symptoms in 80 percent of cases. However, in less … West Nile Virus: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
The abbreviation ECHO in the name of echoviruses stands for Enteric Cytopathic Human Orphan. It is a virus in the enterovirus family that causes gastrointestinal infections, skin rashes, and neurologic and flu-like symptoms. In most cases, echoviruses enter the human circulation through the digestive tract. Other ports of entry include the respiratory tract and fecal-oral … Echoviruses: Infection, Transmission & Diseases
Toxoplasmas are parasitic protozoa whose final host is cats. The only known representative of toxoplasmas is Toxoplasma gondii. What are toxoplasmas? Toxoplasmas also carry the name Toxoplasma gondii. Thus, this species forms the only species of the genus. The arch-shaped protozoan leads a parasitic lifestyle and uses cats as definitive hosts. Other mammals, birds, or … Toxoplasma (Toxoplasma Gondii): Infection, Transmission & Diseases