Products Bromelain was commercially available in many countries in the form of dragées (Traumanase), and dietary supplements containing pineapple powder are available. Other drugs are approved abroad, for example, Wobenzym and Phlogenzym. Wobenzym is registered in many countries only in the canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden. Structure and properties Bromelain is the name given to a … Bromelain Effects and Side Effects
Products Heparin–Calcium is commercially available as an injectable (Calciparine). It has been approved in many countries since 1973. Structure and properties Heparin calcium is the calcium salt of a sulfated glycosaminoglycan found in mammalian tissues. It is derived from the intestinal mucosa of pigs. Heparin calcium exists as a white powder that is readily soluble … Heparin-Calcium
Products Heparin sodium is applied primarily as a gel or ointment (eg, HepaGel, Lioton, Demovarin, combination products). This article refers to topical therapy. Heparin sodium is also injected parenterally. Structure and properties Heparin sodium is the sodium salt of a sulfated glycosaminoglycan found in mammalian tissues. It is obtained from the intestinal mucosa of pigs, … Heparin Sodium
Products Dalteparin is commercially available as an injectable (Fragmin). It has been approved in many countries since 1988. Structure and properties Dalteparin is present in drugs as dalteparin sodium, the sodium salt of a low-molecular-weight heparin obtained by depolymerization of heparin from porcine intestinal mucosa using nitrous acid. The average molecular weight is 6000 Da. … Dalteparin
Products Drotrecogin alfa was commercially available as a lyophilizate (Xigris). It has been approved in many countries and in the EU since 2002 and was also available in the United States and Canada. In 2011, Eli Lilly announced it was withdrawing the drug from the market worldwide. The PROWESS-SHOCK study showed insufficient efficacy. Mortality was … Drotrecogin Alfa
Products Turmeric is commercially available as a spice. Along with other parts of the plant, it is an important ingredient of curry powder. Products available in pharmacies and drugstores include turmeric powder, liquid preparations, capsules and tablets. The powder contains the active ingredient curcumin (see below). The orange-yellow dye is also used as an additive … Turmeric
Products Ximelagatran (Exanta, film-coated tablets) was withdrawn from the market or not approved in some countries in 2006 because liver-toxic properties had been observed in clinical trials. Structure and properties Ximelagatran (C24H35N5O5, Mr = 473.6 g/mol) is a prodrug that is biotransformed in the organism to the active metabolite melagatran. Melagatran was itself also commercially … Ximelagatran
Products Thrombin inhibitors are commercially available in many countries in the form of infusion preparations and as capsules. The first oral thrombin inhibitor to be launched was ximelagatran (Exanta) in 2003. Due to its liver toxicity, sales had to be discontinued. Currently, the most widely used oral and direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran (Pradaxa), was approved … Thrombin Inhibitors
Products Chocolate is available in grocery stores and pastry stores, among other places, in numerous forms and varieties. Typical examples are chocolate bars, pralines, chocolate bars, chocolate Easter bunnies and hot chocolate drinks. Chocolate originated in Mexico (xocolatl) and made its way to Europe after the discovery of the Americas in the 16th century. Stem … Chocolate
Products Apixaban has been approved in many countries since 2011 in the form of film-coated tablets (Eliquis). Structure and properties Apixaban (C25H25N5O4, Mr = 460.0 g/mol) was developed starting from razaxaban. It is an oxopiperidine and pyrazole derivative. Effects Apixaban (ATC B01AF02) has antithrombotic properties. It is an oral, direct, potent, selective, and reversible inhibitor … Apixaban
Products Cangrelor is commercially available as a powder for the preparation of an infusion solution (Kengrexal). It was approved in many countries in 2015. Structure and properties Cangrelor (C17H25Cl2F3N5O12P3S2, Mr = 776.4 g/mol) is an analog of adenosine triphosphate. Unlike other P2Y12 antagonists, it is not a prodrug. It is present in the drug as … Cangrelor
Products Bivalirudin was commercially available as a powder for preparation of a concentrate for solution for injection or infusion (Angiox). It was approved in many countries as of 2007. It has since become unavailable. Structure and properties Bivalirudin originated from hirudin, an anticoagulant substance found in leeches. Effects Bivalirudin (ATC B01AE06) has antithrombotic properties. Indications … Bivalirudin
