Production Anhydrous sodium sulfate (250) 42.0 g Sodium hydrogen carbonate (250) 36.3 g Sodium chloride (250) 18.4 g Potassium sulfate (250) 3.3 g The salts are mixed. Effects Laxative Indications For short-term use in constipation Dosage 1-2 teaspoons to 1 glass of water Precautions See under sodium sulfate
Production Anise (crushed) 15 g Bitter fennel or sweet fennel (crushed) 15 g Licorice root (4000) 10 g Elderflower 10 g Tinnevelly senna 50 g The herbal drugs are mixed. Effects Laxative (senna) Antispasmodic Flatulent Fields of application Constipation, for short-term use only. Contraindications Note the limitations of use and adverse effects of each drug, … Laxative Tea pH Value
Products Exenatide is commercially available as an injectable (Byetta, Bydureon). It was approved in the United States in 2005 as the first agent in the GLP-1 receptor agonist group (Byetta). In many countries, the drug was registered a year later. The long-acting Bydureon Pen was approved in many countries in 2012, with additional approval as … Exenatide
Products Pethidine is commercially available as a solution for injection. It has been approved in many countries since 1947. The drug is subject to strict control as a narcotic and is available only by prescription. Structure and properties Pethidine (C15H21NO2, Mr = 247.3 g/mol) is a phenylpiperidine derivative. In pharmaceuticals, it is present as pethidine … Pethidine
Products Solifenacin is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Vesicare, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 2006. Structure and properties Solifenacin (C23H26N2O2, Mr = 362.5 g/mol) is a tertiary amine and a phenylquinoline derivative that has structural similarities to atropine. It is present in drugs as (1)-(3)-solifenacin succinate, a white … Solifenacin
Products and withdrawal from the market Sibutramine was approved in 1999 and was commercially available in many countries in 10- and 15-mg capsule form (Reductil, Abbott AG). On March 29, 2010, Abbott AG, in consultation with Swissmedic, informed the public that the marketing authorization had been suspended. Since then, sibutramine may no longer be prescribed … Sibutramine
Products Medicines containing Caroverin are currently no longer available in many countries. Calmavérine is out of commerce. Structure and properties Caroverin (C22H27N3O2, Mr = 365.5 g/mol) Effects Caroverin (ATC A03AX11) is spasmolytic on smooth muscle with predominantly musculotropic effects. Indications Spasms of the gastrointestinal tract, biliary tract, urinary tract, and female genital tract in dysmenorrhea. … Caroverin
Products Potassium is commercially available, among other things, in the form of effervescent tablets (so-called effervettes), as sustained-release dragées and sustained-release tablets (e.g., Kalium Hausmann, KCl-retard, Plus Kalium). It is also contained in sports drinks such as Isostar or Sponser. The dose is usually expressed in millimoles (mmol) or milliequivalents (mEq): 1 mmol = 39.1 … Potassium Health Benefits
Products Antacids are commercially available in the form of lozenges, chewable tablets, as a powder, and as a gel (suspension) for oral use, among others. Well-known brands in many countries include Rennie, Alucol, and Riopan. The first medicines were developed as early as the 19th century. Structure and properties The drugs contain active ingredients that … Antacids to Neutralise Stomach Acid
Products Codeine is available alone or in combination with other active ingredients in the form of tablets, effervescent tablets, capsules, dragées, syrups, drops, bronchial pastilles, and as suppositories. It is also combined fixedly with acetaminophen for the treatment of pain (see under codeine acetaminophen). Structure and properties Codeine (C18H21NO3, Mr = 299.36 g/mol) is -methylated … Codeine: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Definition Plant antraceene derivatives with the common structural feature 1,8-dihydroxyanthrone. Numerous derivatives (anthrones, anthranols, anthraquinones, dianthrones, naphthodianthrones). 1,8-Dihydroxyanthrone: Effects Laxative (Prodrugs) Antidepressant: St. John’s wort Antiarthrotic: Rhine, Diacerein (Verbonil). Cytotoxic: mitoxantrone (Novantrone). Indications Primarily for short-term treatment of constipation. Bowel emptying Some: Osteoarthritis Medicinal drugs Aloe: e.g. aloin A American rotten tree (Cascara bark) Sloth … Anthranoid
Symptoms Possible symptoms of caffeine withdrawal in dependent individuals include: Headache Fatigue, drowsiness, weakness, low energy. Attention and concentration disorders, drowsiness. Dissatisfaction, disgruntlement Irritability Flu-like symptoms, muscle pain Changes in blood pressure, rapid heartbeat Nausea, vomiting, constipation. The discomfort may occur a few hours after caffeine abstinence and last a few to several days. Causes … Caffeine Withdrawal
