Testicular sperm extraction is the collection of sperm through a biopsy of the testicles. For men with non-obstructive azoospermia, this reproductive procedure is the only option for having a child of their own. The sperm is later injected into female eggs as part of ICSI. What is testicular sperm extraction? Sperm is extracted from the … Testicular Sperm Extraction: Treatment, Effects & Risks
Products Toceranib is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Palladia). It is approved exclusively as a veterinary drug in many countries and has been since 2010. Structure and properties Toceranib (C22H25FN4O2, Mr = 396.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as the phosphate salt toceranib phosphate, a crystalline, yellow-orange powder. It has structural and … Toceranib
Sexual medicine is the branch of medicine that deals with sexual disorders and their treatment. It can thus take place at the organic and psychological level. What is sexual medicine? Roughly, sexual medicine can be divided into the two areas of organic and psychological or psychiatric treatment. It deals with all disorders of a sexual … Sexual Medicine: Treatment, Effects & Risks
Products Tazarotene was approved in many countries in 1998 and is now no longer available. Zorac is out of commerce. External products are available in the United States (eg, Tazorac). Structure and properties Tazarotene (C21H21NO2S, Mr = 351.5 g/mol) is a prodrug that is rapidly biotransformed in the body to the active carboxylate metabolite tazarotenic … Tazarotene
Products Alkaloids and their derivatives are contained as active ingredients in numerous medicines. They have been used medicinally for thousands of years, such as opium with morphine or coca leaves with cocaine. In 1805, a pure alkaloid was extracted for the first time by the German pharmacist Friedrich Sertürner with morphine. Structure and properties Alkaloids … Alkaloids
Products Teriflunomide is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Aubagio). It was approved in many countries in 2013. Teriflunomide can be taken perorally, unlike earlier MS medications, and does not need to be injected. Structure and properties Teriflunomide (C12H9F3N2O2, Mr = 270.2 g/mol) is the active metabolite of the prodrug leflunomide (Arava), which … Teriflunomide
Various hormonal diseases require hormonal adjustment or hormone replacement therapy. This also applies to thyroid disease. Thus, in the case of hypothyroidism, the administration of artificial thyroid hormones is necessary. Levothyroxine, for example, is used in this case. What is hypothyroidism? Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone. More precisely, it is the T4 form of the … Levothyroxine: Effects, Uses & Risks
According to the United Nations, there are more men than women living on Earth today. Of the 7.4 billion people, over 60 million more are male than female (as of March 2017). The main cause of this imbalance is the numerically unequal ratio of the sexes at birth: for every 100 newborn girls, there are … Are There More Women or Men on Earth?
Products Acitretin is commercially available in capsule form (Neotigason, Acicutuan). It has been approved in many countries since 1990. Structure and properties Acitretin (C21H26O3, Mr = 326.4 g/mol) is an aromatic derivative of retinoic acid (= tretinoin). It is lipophilic and exists as a greenish yellow powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Acitretin … Acitretin
Products Ribavirin is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Copegus). It has been approved in many countries since 1990. Structure and properties Ribavirin (C8H12N4O5, Mr = 244.2 g/mol) is a purine nucleoside analog. It exists as a white crystalline powder that is readily soluble in water. In cells, the drug is biotransformed to … Ribavirin
The spermatic cord represents a bundle of nerves and vessels including vas deferens, which extends through the inguinal canal from the abdomen to the testes. It is not a unitary body organ but a supply system for the testes attached to it. Furthermore, it consists of various tissue processes, each of which has its counterpart … Spermatic Cord: Structure, Function & Diseases
Postmenopause is the stage of a woman’s life after she has completed menopause. She then no longer gets menstrual periods and has lost her fertility, but is not yet in the last stage of life, the senium. What is postmenopause? Postmenopause is the stage of a woman’s life after she has completed menopause. She then … Postmenopause: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
