DNA Replication The goal of DNA replication is the amplification of existing DNA. During cell division, the DNA of the cell is exactly duplicated and then distributed to both daughter cells. The doubling of DNA takes place according to the so-called semi-conservative principle, which means that after the initial unravelling of the DNA, the original … DNA Replication | Deoxyribonucleic acid – DNA
DNA sequencing In DNA sequencing, biochemical methods are used to determine the sequence of nucleotides (DNA base molecule with sugar and phosphate) in a DNA molecule. The most widely used method is the Sanger chain termination method. Since DNA is composed of four different bases, four different approaches are made. Each approach contains the DNA … DNA sequencing | Deoxyribonucleic acid – DNA
Research goals Now that the human genome project has been completed, the researchers are trying to assign the individual genes to their significance for the human body. On the one hand, they are trying to draw conclusions about the development of disease and therapy, and on the other hand, by comparing human DNA with the … Research goals | Deoxyribonucleic acid – DNA
What role does epigenetics play in depression? Epigenetics plays a particularly important role in the development of psychiatric diseases. The activation and inactivation of certain gene sequences can lead to diseases such as depression and schizophrenia. Age and environmental factors that lead to altered epigenetic processes are probably also responsible for this. Mental diseases are … What role does epigenetics play in depression? | Epigenetics
Definition Epigenetics is a broad and comprehensive biological discipline that deals with genetic functions that go beyond the mere sequencing of DNA bases. The genetic material consists primarily of DNA strands that are formed from differently arranged base pairs. In every human being there are differences in the order of the base pairs, which in … Epigenetics
Examples of epigenetics Epigenetic examples can be observed in every person in old age. Many diseases are nowadays attributed to epigenetic changes, among other things. A typical example of visible epigenetics is the so-called “X-inactivation”. Here, an X chromosome is completely silenced by epigenetic processes. This mainly affects women who have two X chromosomes. One … Examples of epigenetics | Epigenetics
Definition – What is meant by a chromosomal mutation? The human genome, i.e. the totality of genes, is divided into chromosomes. Chromosomes are very long DNA chains that can be distinguished from each other in the metaphase of cell division. The genes are arranged on the chromosomes in a fixed order. In the case of … Chromosome mutation
What is a chromosomal aberration? Chromosomal aberration is a change in the chromosomes that is visible under the light microscope. In contrast, there are gene mutations, these changes are much smaller and can only be detected by more precise genetic diagnostics. Chromosomal aberrations can be divided into two forms. There are structural and numerical aberrations. … What is a chromosomal aberration? | Chromosome mutation
Cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is a clinical picture that is caused by a mutation in a chloride channel. These channels are important for the formation of mucus in the body, as water can leak out following the chloride and thus the mucus becomes thinner. Although all organ systems are affected by this disease, the lungs … Cystic fibrosis | Chromosome mutation
CLINICAL: Which diseases are caused by chromosomal aberration? Chromosomal aberrations are responsible for a large number of spontaneous abortions before birth and for many diseases. Of all of these, five diseases in particular are widespread. The best known of these is trisomy 21, better known as Down’s syndrome. These children are conspicuous for their short … CLINICAL: Which diseases are caused by chromosomal aberration? | Chromosomal aberration – What is meant by this?
Definition Chromatin is the structure in which the DNA, i.e. the genetic information, is packed. Chromatin consists on the one hand of DNA and on the other hand of various proteins. The function of chromatin is the tight packaging of the DNA. This packaging is necessary because the DNA as such would be much too … Chromatin
What are the chromatin filaments? Chromatin filaments are the structures consisting of DNA and the proteins of chromatin. The DNA as such is a very long structure. The DNA consists of building blocks that are arranged in a certain order and thus store the genetic information. As the DNA is wrapped around the histones, a … What are the chromatin filaments? | Chromatin
