Products Covid-19 vaccines are in the development and approval phase and are already available in some countries. In many countries, BNT162b2 was the first agent approved on December 19, 2020. mRNA-1273 was approved in the EU on January 6, 2021, and in many countries on January 12, 2021. The first approval will be in Russia … COVID-19 Vaccines
Products Antiepileptic drugs are commercially available in the form of tablets, dispersible tablets, capsules, solutions, suspensions, syrups, as nasal sprays, enemas, and as injectables, among others. Structure and properties The antiepileptic drugs are structurally heterogeneous agents. Within the class, several groups can be identified (see below). Effects The agents have antiepileptic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant … Antiepileptic Drugs
Products Methylphenidate is commercially available in many countries in the form of tablets, film-coated tablets, sustained-release tablets, and sustained-release capsules (e.g., Ritalin, Concerta, Medikinet, Equasym, generics). It has been approved since 1954. The drug is subject to strict control as a narcotic and is available only by prescription. The isomer dexmethylphenidate (Focalin XR) is also … Methylphenidate: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Esketamine nasal spray was approved in the US and EU in 2019 and in many countries in 2020 (Spravato). Structure and properties –Ketamine is the pure -enantiomer of ketamine (C13H16ClNO, Mr = 237.7 g/mol). The racemate ketamine is a cyclohexanone derivative derived from phencyclidine (“angel dust”). It is a ketone and an amine and … Esketamine Nasal Spray
Definition and properties The administration or application of a drug refers to its use on the body. The dosage forms (drug forms) used for this purpose consist of the active ingredients and excipients. These include, for example, tablets, capsules, solutions, syrups, injectables, creams, ointments, eye drops, ear drops, and suppositories. Drugs can be liquid, semi-solid, … Administration
Products Glucagon nasal applicator was approved in the US and EU in 2019 and in many countries in 2020 (Baqsimi, single dose). Glucagon is present in the drug product as a powder for nasal administration. The applicator is stored at room temperature not above 30°C. Structure and properties Glucagon (C153H225N43O49S, Mr = 3483 g/mol) is … Glucagon Nasal Spray
Products Desmopressin is commercially available as a solution for injection, in the form of nasal drops, as a nasal spray, tablets, and sublingual tablets (e.g., Minirin, Nocutil, other drugs). It has been approved in many countries since 1973. Structure and properties Desmopressin (C48H68N14O14S2, Mr = 1129.3 g/mol) is present in the drugs as desmopressin acetate, … Desmopressin
Products Vaccines are mainly sold as injectables. Some are also taken perorally as oral vaccines, for example, in the form of capsules (typhoid vaccine) or as a suspension for oral administration (rotavirus). Monopreparations and combination preparations are commercially available. Vaccines, with few exceptions, are stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of 2 to 8 … Vaccines
Products Mast cell stabilizers are commercially available in many countries in the form of eye drops, as nasal sprays, as oral capsules, and as tablets. Several antihistamines also have mast cell stabilizing properties (see there). Structure and properties The typical structural elements of mast cell stabilizers include carboxylic acids. However, the chemical structure of the … Mast Cell Stabilizers
Products Diazepam is commercially available in tablet, drop, solution for injection, and enema form (Valium, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1962. In 2020, a diazepam nasal spray was released in the United States. Diazepam was developed by Leo Sternbach at Hoffmann-La Roche as the second member of the benzodiazepine group. Structure … Diazepam: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Valtoco diazepam nasal spray was approved in the United States in 2020. The benzodiazepine diazepam has been available in other dosage forms since the 1960s. Structure and properties Diazepam (C16H13ClN2O, Mr = 284.7 g/mol) is a lipophilic benzodiazepine. It exists as a white crystalline powder that is very sparingly soluble in water. Effects Diazepam … Diazepam Nasal Spray
Products Salmcalcitonin is commercially available as a nasal spray and solution for injection (Miacalcic). It has been approved in many countries since 1976. Structure and properties The drug does not contain the human thyroid hormone calcitonin, but salmon calcitonin, also known as salmcalcitonin. It is a synthetic polypeptide consisting of 32 amino acids (C145H240N44O48S2, Mr … Salmcalcitonin
