Probiotics

Products Probiotics are commercially available in the form of capsules, tablets, lozenges (see under Probiotics Lozenges), drops, and powders, among others (selection). Some are registered as medicines in many countries (e.g., Bioflorin, Lactoferment, Perenterol). Probiotics are also marketed as dietary supplements. Structure and properties One well-known definition describes probiotics as living microorganisms that provide health … Probiotics

Disaccharides

Products Disaccharides are found in many foods and in pharmaceuticals. Pure disaccharides are available in pharmacies, for example. Structure and properties Disaccharides are carbohydrates consisting of two monosaccharides that are glycosidically linked. They are formed from two monosaccharides in a condensation reaction that releases water. Disaccharides occur as natural substances in plants, animals and fungi, … Disaccharides

Rice Pudding: Intolerance & Allergy

When people hear the term rice pudding, they often first think of their grandma’s homemade dessert that regularly sweetened their childhood. In order for raw rice to become rice pudding, the type of rice used must have certain characteristics. Therefore, there exists a special type of rice, which already in its raw state bears the … Rice Pudding: Intolerance & Allergy

Lactic Acid Bacteria: Infection, Transmission & Diseases

Lactic acid bacteria, often called lactobacillales, lactobacilli, or sour milk bacteria, comprise a family of gram-positive, always anaerobic but usually aerotolerant bacteria. These are characterized by the fact that they convert sugars into lactic acid (lactic acid fermentation): they make the milk sour. What are lactic acid bacteria? Lactic acid bacteria describe a large supergroup … Lactic Acid Bacteria: Infection, Transmission & Diseases

Acute Diarrhea

Symptoms Acute diarrhea is defined as frequent bowel movements with a liquid or mushy stool consistency (≥ 3 voidings within 24 hours, stool weight > 200 g/day). It usually does not last longer than a week and often passes on its own. If it lasts longer than two weeks, it is referred to as a … Acute Diarrhea

Lactase

Products Lactase is commercially available in many countries as both a drug (Lacdigest) and a dietary supplement. Available dosage forms include chewable tablets and capsules. The “strength” or enzyme activity is indicated by the FCC (Food Chemical Codex) unit. Structure and properties The enzymes contained in the preparations are beta-galactosidases, usually obtained from molds (, … Lactase

Lactose Intolerance Causes

Symptoms Approximately 30 minutes to 2 hours after ingestion of foods containing lactose, the following digestive symptoms occur. The symptoms occur only after a certain amount is ingested (e.g., 12-18 g of lactose), are dose-dependent, and vary greatly among individuals: Lower abdominal pain and cramps. Bloated abdomen, flatulence, discharge of gases. Diarrhea, especially with high … Lactose Intolerance Causes

Lactulose: Role in Diet

Background Unlike lactose (milk sugar), lactulose does not occur naturally, except in very small amounts in heated milk, as a product of isomerization from lactose. The production of lactulose from lactose was first described in 1930. The sugar attracted interest in 1956 when Petuely demonstrated an increase in the number of lactobacilli in the stool … Lactulose: Role in Diet

Food Intolerance

Symptoms After eating the triggering food, digestive disturbances usually develop within hours. These include: Flatulence, bloating Abdominal pain, abdominal cramps Diarrhea Stomach burns Depending on the trigger, pseudoallergic reactions such as a hives, rhinitis and respiratory disorders may also occur. According to the literature, up to 20% of the population is affected. The disorders typically … Food Intolerance

Three Month Colic

Symptoms Three-month colic occurs in infants during the first few weeks of life and lasts from three to five months. Up to a quarter of all infants are affected. They manifest as frequent crying, irritability, restlessness, and bloated abdomen. The child clenches his fists, has a reddened face, tightens his legs and cries for an … Three Month Colic