Products Droxidopa was approved in the United States in 2014 in capsule form (Northera). The drug is not currently registered in many countries. Structure and properties Droxidopa (C9H11NO5, Mr = 213.2 g/mol) exists as an odorless, tasteless, white, crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water. In the body, it is biotransformed by DOPA decarboxylase … Droxidopa
Products LABA is an acronym for , which means long-acting beta agonists (sympathomimetics). LABAs are mainly marketed as inhaled preparations (powders, solutions) administered with an inhaler such as a metered-dose inhaler, diskus, respimat, breezhaler, or ellipta. Some may also be given perorally. Salmeterol and formoterol were the first agents from this group to be approved … LABA
Products Haloperidol is commercially available as tablets, drops (Haldol), and as a solution for injection (Haldol, Haldol decanoas). It has been approved in many countries since 1960. Structure and properties Haloperidol (C21H23ClFNO2, Mr = 375.9 g/mol) is a derivative of pethidine, which is itself derived from atropine. It has structural similarity to loperamide. Haloperidol exists … Haloperidol
Definition Drugs today usually contain a defined active pharmaceutical ingredient. However, numerous drugs with two or more active substances also exist. These are called combination drugs or fixed combinations. For example, Aspirin C contains both acetylsalicylic acid and vitamin C. Many blood pressure medications are combination preparations, for example perindopril + indapamide or candesartan + … Combination Products
Priming is an effect of neuroanatomy and is also referred to as pathwaying. In this process, a stimulus that has already been received earlier is processed more effectively by the nervous system when it is received repeatedly. Degenerative brain diseases make priming more difficult. What is priming? Priming is a learning process that directly affects … Priming: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Medicinal drug Rauwolfiae radix – Rauvolfia root. Ingredients Indole alkaloids (Rauwolfia alkaloids): reserpine, ajmaline, ajmalicine. Effects Antihypertensive by depleting adrenergic, serotoninergic, and dopaminergic nerve endings. Sympatholytic Reassuring Antiarrhythmic due to sodium channel blockade (ajmaline) Indications Drug: mild essential hypertension. Reserpine as pure substance: hypertension. It is rarely used today (UAW). Ajmaline as a pure substance: … Rauvolfia
Products Fenoterol is commercially available in combination with ipratropium bromide as a metered-dose inhaler (Berodual N). Berotec N is no longer on the market. Fenoterol has been approved in many countries since 2000. Structure and properties Fenoterol is present in drugs as fenoterol hydrobromide (C17H22BrNO4, Mr = 384.3 g/mol) is present, a white crystalline powder … Fenoterol
Products The vitamin B complex is, among other things, in the form of tablets, capsules and effervescent tablets from various suppliers as medicines as well as dietary supplements on the market (eg, Becozym forte, Berocca, Burgerstein B-complex). Many multivitamin preparations also contain the B vitamins. Many B vitamins were discovered in the 1930s. At that … Vitamin B Complex Health Benefits
Products Rotigotine is commercially available as a transdermal patch in various potencies (Neupro). It was approved in many countries in 2006 as the first TTS for Parkinson’s disease therapy. Structure and properties Rotigotine (C19H25NOS, Mr = 315.5 g/mol) is an aminotetralin and thiophene derivative structurally related to dopamine. It has a non-ergoline structure and exists … Rotigotine
Definition Phenols are organic compounds consisting of aromatics bearing one or more hydroxyl groups (Ar-OH). The simplest representative is phenol: this in contrast to alcohols, which are bonded to an aliphatic radical. For example, benzyl alcohol is an alcohol and not a phenol. Nomenclature The names of phenols are formed with the suffix –phenol, e.g., … Phenols
Products Amisulpride is commercially available as tablets, film-coated tablets, and a drinkable solution (Solian, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1998. Structure and properties Amisulpride (C17H27N3O4S, Mr = 369.5 g/mol) is a substituted benzamide and a racemate. It exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. Effects Amisulpride … Amisulpride
Products Donepezil is commercially available in tablet and oral tablet form (Aricept, Aricept Evess, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1997. Structure and properties Donepezil (C24H29NO3, Mr = 379.5 g/mol) is a piperidine derivative and a racemate. It is present in drugs as donepezil hydrochloride, a white crystalline powder that is soluble … Donepezil
