Definition Active ingredients are the active components of a drug that are responsible for its pharmacological effects. Drugs may contain a single active ingredient, multiple active ingredients, or complex mixtures such as herbal extracts. In addition to the active ingredients, a drug contains various excipients that should be as pharmacologically inert as possible. The percentage … Pharmaceutical Active Ingredient
Products Terbutaline is commercially available as a turbuhaler and has been approved in many countries since 1987 (Bricanyl). The syrup is out of commerce. Other dosage forms are available in other countries (e.g., tablets, solution for injection). Structure and properties Terbutaline (C12H19NO3, Mr = 225.3 g/mol) is present in drugs as terbutaline sulfate, a white … Terbutaline
Products Salmeterol is commercially available as metered-dose inhalers and discs (Serevent, Seretide + fluticasone). It has been approved in many countries since 1995. Structure and properties Salmeterol (C25H37NO4, Mr = 415.6) is present in the drugs as a racemate and as salmeterol xinafoate, a white powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is structurally … Salmeterol
Various hormonal diseases require hormonal adjustment or hormone replacement therapy. This also applies to thyroid disease. Thus, in the case of hypothyroidism, the administration of artificial thyroid hormones is necessary. Levothyroxine, for example, is used in this case. What is hypothyroidism? Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone. More precisely, it is the T4 form of the … Levothyroxine: Effects, Uses & Risks
Products Sevelamer carbonate is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets and powder. It was approved in many countries in 2011 (Renvela). The precursor sevelamer chloride (Renagel) has been available since 2004. Generics were registered in 2018. Effects Sevelamer carbonate (ATC V03AE02) is a polymer containing numerous amino groups that are protonated in the … Sevelamer Carbonate
Postpartum thyroiditis is a multiphasic inflammation of the thyroid gland that can occur immediately after pregnancy and is now considered a special form of autoimmune Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. In the first phase of the disease, affected individuals suffer from hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism. Normalization usually occurs without treatment. What is postpartum thyroiditis? The thyroid gland is … Postpartum Thyroiditis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
Definition Bioidentical hormones are pharmaceutical agents which are structurally and functionally identical to the natural hormones produced by the human body itself. In the narrow sense, this refers primarily to female and male sex hormones, namely dehydroepiandrosterone, estradiol, estriol, estrone, progesterone, and testosterone. In a broader sense, it also includes other hormones such as levothyroxine … Bioidentical Hormones
Products Salbutamol is commercially available as a metered-dose inhaler, inhalation solution, diskus, syrup, infusion concentrate, and solution for injection (Ventolin, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1972 and is also known as albuterol in English-speaking countries. Salbutamol is the precursor of salmeterol and vilanterol (all GlaxoSmithKline). Structure and properties Salbutamol (C13H21NO3, Mr … Salbutamol: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
L-thyroxine (syn. Levothyroxine, T4) is a synthetically produced thyroid hormone. It replaces the thyroxine (T4) present in the human body, which is a precursor of the second thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3). The thyroid hormones are important for the development and function of the entire organism. They are mainly needed for the maturation of the brain. … L-Thyroxine
Dosage L-thyroxine fulfils the same functions as the body’s own thyroid hormones. Consequently, L-thyroxine is used when the thyroid gland no longer produces enough hormones on its own. The amount of hormones that is not produced enough must therefore be replaced by the corresponding amount of L-thyroxine. For this reason, the dosage of L-thyroxine must … Dosage | L-Thyroxine
Contraindications L-thyroxine must not be used if the thyroid gland is overactive. In addition, the drug should not be taken if the following diseases cannot be excluded: When treating post-menopausal women who have an increased risk of osteoporosis and suffer from hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland should be checked regularly to prevent elevated levels of L-thyroxine … Contraindications | L-Thyroxine
Is L-Thyroxine available over the counter? Since L-thyroxine has a major impact on the heart, metabolism and circulation, L-thyroxine is not available over the counter. The correct dosage is very important to avoid serious side effects. This can only be determined by a doctor by means of a blood sample and has to be controlled … Is L-Thyroxine available over the counter? | L-Thyroxine
