Products Thiazide diuretics are commercially available in tablet form. Chlorothiazide (Diuril) and the closely related and more potent hydrochlorothiazide were the first of this group to enter the market in the 1950s (Switzerland: Esidrex, 1958). However, other related thiazide-like diuretics are available (see below). In English, we speak of (thiazide diuretics) and (thiazide-like diuretics). Numerous … Thiazide Diuretics
Products Canrenone is commercially available as an injectable (Soldactone). It has been approved in many countries since 1975. Structure and properties Canrenone (C22H28O3, Mr = 340.5 g/mol) is an active metabolite of spironolactone (aldactone) and, unlike the latter, is soluble in water. Canrenone is present in drugs as potassium canrenoate, the potassium salt of canrenoic … Canrenon
Products Torasemide is commercially available in tablet form (Torem, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1993. Structure and properties Torasemide (C16H20N4O3S, Mr = 348.4 g/mol) exists as a white powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is a pyridine-sulfonylurea derivative. Torasemide differs structurally from its precursor furosemide (Lasix, generics), a sulfonamide. … Torasemide
Products Xipamide is not currently registered or commercially available in many countries. In Germany and Austria, it is available in tablet form (Aquaphor, Aquaphoril, generics). Structure and properties Xipamide (C15H15ClN2O4S, Mr = 354.8 g/mol) has a sulfonamide structure and is structurally related to the thiazides, but acts from the blood side. It exists as a … Xipamide
Products Doping agents include approved drugs, legal and illegal intoxicants, experimental agents, and illegally manufactured and trafficked substances. Doping includes non-drug doping methods, such as blood doping, in addition to drugs. Effects Doping agents differ in their pharmacological activities. Stimulants, for example, stimulate and thus increase alertness and aggressiveness for competition. In contrast, beta-blockers provide … Doping in Competitive Sports
Products Furosemide is commercially available in the form of tablets, sustained-release capsules, and as a solution for injection (Lasix, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1964 and is also used in fixed combination with the aldosterone antagonist spironolactone (Lasilactone, generic). Structure and properties Furosemide (C12H11ClN2O5S, Mr = 330.7 g/mol) exists as a … Furosemide: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Loop diuretics are commercially available as tablets, sustained-release capsules, and injection and infusion preparations. Torasemide and furosemide are the most commonly used in many countries today. Structure and properties Available loop diuretics are usually sulfonamide or sulfonylurea derivatives. Representatives without a sulfonamide structure also exist, for example, the phenoxyacetic acid derivative etacrynic acid. Effects … Loop Diuretics
