Hydrogen bonding is an interaction between molecules that resembles Van der Waals interactions and occurs in the human body. The bond plays a role primarily in the context of peptide bonds and chains of amino acids in proteins. Without hydrogen bonding ability, an organism is not viable because it lacks vital amino acids. What is … Hydrogen Bonding: Function, Task & Diseases
The axon hillock represents the site of origin of the axon. This is where the action potential is formed, which is transmitted through the axon to the presynaptic terminal. The action potential forms in the axon hillock from the sum of individual specific stimuli and must reach a specific threshold value for stimulus transmission. What … Axon Hillock: Structure, Function & Diseases
The cytoplasm fills the interior of a human cell. It consists of the cytosol, a liquid or gel-like substance, the organelles (mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, and others), and the cytoskeleton. Overall, the cytoplasm serves enzymatic biosynthesis and catalysis as well as substance storage and intracellular transport. What is cytoplasm? The definition of cytoplasm is not uniform … Cytoplasm: Structure, Function & Diseases
Synonyms Medical: Substantia alba spinalis CNS, spinal cord, brain, nerve cell, gray matter spinal cord Spinal cord in general Like the brain, the spinal cord belongs to the central nervous system (CNS) and runs in the spinal column, more precisely in the spinal canal. The spinal cord is connected at the top to a part … White matter Spinal cord
Spinal Cord Tracks Sensitive (= ascending, afferent) pathways: Sensitive pathways are responsible for processing impulse information from e.g. the skin and transmit this information to the corresponding centers in the brain. Fasciculus gracilis (GOLL) for the lower half of the body (lies inside) and the Fasciculus cuneatus (BURDACH) for the upper half of the body … Spinal Cord Tracks | White matter Spinal cord
Vegetative spinal cord Vegetative path: Vegetative pathways are responsible for controlling unconscious processes such as digestion, sweating, blood pressure, etc. Fasciculus longitudinalis posterior (posterior longitudinal bundle) This path runs from the hypothalamus to the vegetative nerve cells, from where they innervate (control) the intestines, genital organs and the sweat glands of the skin. All articles … Vegetative spinal cord | White matter Spinal cord
Neurite is the term used to describe the cell extension of a nerve cell through which electrical impulses are transmitted to its environment. If the neurite is also surrounded by “glial cells” that isolate it, it is called an axon. Function and structure A neurite is the extension of a nerve cell, and directs its … Neurite
A Ranvier lacing ring is a ring-shaped interruption of the fat or myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers. In the course of “saltatoric excitation conduction” it serves to increase the speed of nerve conduction. Saltatoric, from Latin: saltare = to jump refers to the “jump” of an action potential that takes place when it encounters a … Ranvier lacing ring
Definition Dendrites are the cytoplasmic extensions of a nerve cell, which usually branch off from the nerve cell body (soma) in a knot-like manner and become more and more finely branched in two parts. They serve to receive electrical stimuli from upstream nerve cells via synapses and transmit them to the soma. The dendrites also … Dendrit
Spinous processes Dendrites that do not have a spinous process are called “smooth” dendrites. They pick up nerve impulses directly. While the dendrites have the spines, the nerve impulses can be absorbed through the spines as well as through the dendrite trunk. The thorns emerge from the dendrites like little mushroom heads. They can increase … Spinous processes | Dendrit
The synaptic cleft represents the gap between two nerve cells within a chemical synapse. The electrical nerve signal from the first cell transforms into a biochemical signal at the terminal node and transforms back into an electrical action potential in the second nerve cell. Agents such as drugs, medications, and toxins can interfere with the … Synaptic Cleft: Structure, Function & Diseases
The lingual nerve, or tongue nerve, innervates the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and includes both sensory and sensitive fibers. It is part of the mandibular nerve, which is subordinate to the trigeminal nerve. Lesions can cause taste disturbances, discomfort during swallowing, and physiologic speech disorders. What is the lingual nerve? The lingual nerve runs … Lingual Nerve: Structure, Function & Diseases
