Symptoms Nighttime calf cramps are painful and involuntary muscle contractions of the legs that often occur in the calves and feet. They last only a few minutes but can continue to cause discomfort for hours. They are particularly common in older people over 60 years of age. They are benign complaints. The most important complication … Nocturnal Calf Cramps
Symptoms Frostbites are inflamed, superficial, painful, itchy to burning, swollen, reddened to blue-purple skin lesions (patches, papules, plaques). They occur recurrently on both sides, especially dorsally on the fingers and toes. Other exposed areas such as ears, face, nose and thighs may also be affected. Frostbite is most commonly seen in winter and spring. Possible … Frostbite Symptoms and Causes
Symptoms The most common symptoms include cramping or dull abdominal pain. In addition, numerous other symptoms may occur, such as headache, menstrual migraine, back pain, pain in the legs, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, dizziness, flushing of the skin, flushing, sleep disturbances, mood swings, depression, irritability, and nervousness. The symptoms first appear … Menstrual Cramps
Products Lacidipine was commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Motens, off label). It was approved in many countries since 1992. Distribution was discontinued in 2016. Structure and properties Lacidipine (C26H33NO6, Mr = 455.5 g/mol) is a lipophilic dihydropyridine and structurally related to the precursor nifedipine. Effects Lacidipine (ATC C08CA09) is vasodilator and antihypertensive. … Lacidipine
Products Spasmolytics are commercially available in the form of tablets, suppositories, and injectables, among others. In many countries, scopolamine butylbromide is among the best-known representatives. Structure and properties Spasmolytics are often derived from the tropane alkaloids atropine and scopolamine from nightshade plants or from the benzylisoquinoline papaverine from the opium poppy. Effects Spasmolytics have spasmolytic … Spasmolytics
Products Micafungin is commercially available as a powder for the preparation of an infusion solution (Mycamine). It was approved in many countries in 2012. Structure and properties Micafungin (C56H70N9NaO23S, Mr = 1292.3 g/mol) is a complex molecule obtained as a derivative of a fermentation product of the fungus F-11899. It is present in the drug … Micafungin
Substance Nifedipine is a calcium antagonist of the dihydropyridine group and is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and heart sensation (angina pectoris). Fields of application In Germany, nifedipine is used to treat essential hypertension (high blood pressure), hypertensive crises (hypertensive crises), heart sensation (angina pectoris) and Raynaud’s syndrome. Side effects When taking nifedipine, … Nifedipine
Symptoms Urinary incontinence manifests as involuntary leakage of urine. The common problem poses a psychosocial challenge for those affected, which can lead to changes in personal activities and a loss of quality of life. Risk factors include female gender, age, obesity, and numerous medical conditions. Causes Urinary incontinence can occur as a result of pathologic, … Urinary Incontinence: Causes and Treatment
Products Salbutamol is commercially available as a metered-dose inhaler, inhalation solution, diskus, syrup, infusion concentrate, and solution for injection (Ventolin, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1972 and is also known as albuterol in English-speaking countries. Salbutamol is the precursor of salmeterol and vilanterol (all GlaxoSmithKline). Structure and properties Salbutamol (C13H21NO3, Mr … Salbutamol: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Definition Elevated blood pressure during pregnancy occurs in about 10% of pregnancies. Since therapy recommendations in pregnancy generally differ from the standard recommendations, there are also major differences in the treatment of high blood pressure between treatment outside and during pregnancy. In therapy, it must be remembered that not just one person is treated, but … Hypotension during pregnancy
Is high blood pressure dangerous for my baby? The pure pregnancy hypertension is usually harmless for the unborn child. Risks for the child arise especially in cases of severe hypertension and pre-eclampsia. The exact mechanisms are unclear, but there is a disturbance in the blood flow to the placenta. This can lead to extensive placental … Is high blood pressure dangerous for my baby? | Hypotension during pregnancy
