Cough syrup as an intoxicant Many antirritant cough syrups contain active ingredients that are psychoactive in high doses and can be abused as intoxicants. Substances include, for example: Opioids such as codeine, dihydrocodeine and ethylmorphine. NMDA antagonists: dextromethorphan Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine and oxomemazine. Phenothiazines: promethazine (out of commerce). Such drugs are unlike other drugs … Misuse of Cough Syrup
Products Pure evening primrose oil and evening primrose oil soft capsules are available in pharmacies and drugstores from various suppliers. Furthermore, body care products and cosmetics are available. The capsules are also known as EPO capsules. EPO stands for Evening Primrose Oil, English for evening primrose oil. Stem plant Evening primrose L., of the evening … Evening Primrose Oil
Withdrawal from the market Rhinathiol Promethazine (Sanofi-Aventis Suisse SA, category C) contained a combination of the sedative antihistamine promethazine and the expectorant mucolytic carbocisteine. According to the package insert, the syrup could be taken for both productive cough and irritable cough (1). It was frequently used in children. The drug was withdrawn from the market … Rhinathiol Promethazine
Products Thiethylperazine was commercially available in the form of dragées, as a solution for injection, and as suppositories (Torecan, Novartis). It had been approved in many countries since 1960. The suppositories went out of circulation in 2010 due to lack of demand. The other dosage forms were withdrawn from the market in 2014. Structure and … Thiethylperazine
Products Thioridazine has been off the market in many countries since 2005 because of cardiac risks. Melleril and Mellerette tablets are out of commerce. In Germany and other countries, thioridazine remains on the market. Structure and properties Thioridazine (C21H26N2S2, Mr = 370.6 g/mol) is a phenothiazine derivative with a piperidinyl alkyl side chain. In drugs, … Thioridazine
Products Promazine is commercially available in the form of dragées (Prazine). It has been approved in many countries since 1957. Structure and properties Promazine (C17H20N2S, Mr = 284.4 g/mol) is present in drugs as promazine hydrochloride, a white crystalline powder that is very soluble in water. It is a dimethylamine derivative of phenothiazine and structurally … Promazine
Products In many countries, drugs containing promethazine are currently no longer on the market. The last product to be withdrawn from the market was Rhinathiol promethazine with the expectorant carbocisteine on January 31, 2009. However, medicines are still available in many countries. The original drug is Phenergan. Promethazine was developed in the 1940s at Rhône-Poulenc, … Promethazine
Products Perphenazine was commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Trilafon). It was approved in many countries in 1957 and went out of commerce on 3/31/2013. Structure and properties Perphenazine (C21H26ClN3OS, Mr = 403.9 g/mol) is a piperidine derivative of phenothiazine. It exists as a white to yellowish white crystalline powder that is practically … Perphenazine
Symptoms Bad breath manifests itself in foul-smelling breath. The bad odor is also a psychosocial problem and can lower self-esteem, lead to feelings of shame, and make it difficult to communicate with others. Causes True, chronic bad breath originates from the oral cavity and mainly from the coating on the tongue in over 80 to … Bad Breath
Phenothiazines are a subgroup of thiazines. They are used primarily as neuroleptics. What are phenothiazines? Phenothiazines are derivatives of phenothiazine that are of pharmacologic relevance. In medicine, they are used as neuroleptics. There they are also known as tricyclic neuroleptics. The history of phenothiazines can be traced back to the beginning of organic chemistry. In … Phenothiazines: Effects, Uses & Risks
Products Nalbuphine is commercially available as a solution for injection (Nalbuphine OrPha). It has been approved in many countries since 2004. Structure and properties Nalbuphine (C21H27NO4, Mr = 357.4 g/mol) is a morphine derivative structurally related to naloxone and oxymorphone. It is present in drugs as nalbuphine hydrochloride. Effects Nalbuphine (ATC N02AF02) has analgesic properties. … Nalbuphin
Products Antiemetics are commercially available in the form of tablets, as melting tablets, as solutions (drops), and injectables, among others. They are also administered as suppositories because peroral administration is not possible. In many countries, the best-known antiemetics include domperidone (Motilium, generic) and meclozine, which, along with caffeine and pyridoxine, is contained in Itinerol B6. … Antiemetics: Drugs against Nausea or Vomiting
