Winter Cherry (Withania Somnifera): Supply Situation

In the root of the sleeping berry, approximately 1.33% of withanolides and 0.13%-0.31% of alkaloids are present. In comparison, in the leaves, the concentrations of withanolides and alkaloids are increased by 1.8 times and 2.6 times, respectively.The extracts used in dietary supplements are usually standardized to 1.5% withanolides . The German Federal Institute for Risk … Winter Cherry (Withania Somnifera): Supply Situation

Rose Root (Rhodiola Rosea): Functions

Rhodiola rosea is one of the herbal adaptogens according to the European Medicines Agency (EMA). According to initial studies, the physiologically active substances, such as rosavins, support the organism in stressful situations and increase stress resistance. The immune system is adapted to stress, so that the organism is better able to cope with extraordinary stress. … Rose Root (Rhodiola Rosea): Functions

Rose Root (Rhodiola Rosea): Interactions

In vitro studies demonstrate that constituents of rose root extract have inhibitory effects on various enzyme activities (e.g., CYP3A4, CYP19). CYP3A4 is used to metabolize (metabolize) drugs and CYP19 catalyzes estrogen synthesis. Interactions with drugs and food are possible, but have not been observed in animal or human studies to date. Therefore, due to the … Rose Root (Rhodiola Rosea): Interactions

Probiotics: Functions

With the experimental and clinical studies currently available, it can be demonstrated that probiotics are capable of the following beneficial effects: Promotion or maintenance of optimal intestinal flora. Prevention of colonization of pathogenic germs in the intestine and the passage of pathogenic bacteria through the intestinal wall (translocation). Formation of the short-chain fatty acid butyrate, … Probiotics: Functions

Choline: Functions

Choline or its derived compounds play an essential role in many physiological processes: Phospholipids, especially phosphatidyl choline (PC), are found in large quantities in all biological membranes. There, they play an important role in their structure and functions, such as the transmission of signals and the transport of substances. Metabolism and transport of lipids and … Choline: Functions

Choline: Interactions

Folate Homocysteine can be remethylated to methionine in two different ways – Folate is important for one pathway and choline for the other. In the first case, homocysteine is methylated to methionine (addition of CH 3 groups) by the enzyme methionine synthase. For this process, methionine synthase requires methyl tetrafolate as a methyl group donor … Choline: Interactions

Choline: Supply Situation

In their study, Vennemann et al recorded the average choline intake of Europeans. This is between 244-373 mg/day in young adults (10-18 years), 291-468 mg/day in adults in the range (18-65 years), and 284-450 mg/day in older individuals. They compiled, based on the results of 12 European studies, an overview of total choline intake in … Choline: Supply Situation

Coenzyme Q10: Interactions

Interactions of coenzyme Q10 with other micronutrients (vital substances): Vitamin B6 Vitamin B6 is essential for the synthesis of coenzyme Q10: The first step in the biosynthesis of coenzyme Q10 – conversion of tyrosine to 4-hydroxy-phenylpyruvic acid – requires vitamin B6 in the form of pyridoxal 5 ́-phosphate. There is a positive interaction between serum … Coenzyme Q10: Interactions