Products
Travoprost is commercially available in the form of eye drops as a monopreparation (Travatan) and as a fixed combination with the beta-blocker timolol (Duotrav). It was approved in many countries in 2002. Generic versions were first released in 2016 and went on sale in 2017.
Structure and properties
Travoprost (C26H35F3O6, Mr = 500.55 g/mol) is an analog of prostaglandin F2α. It is a prodrug and is converted at the eye by esterases to the active acid by cleavage of the isopropyl ester. Esterification serves to increase permeability through the cornea. Travoprost exists as a clear, colorless to slightly yellowish oil that is virtually insoluble in water.
Effects
Travoprost (ATC S01EE04) lowers intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor outflow. Effects last up to 24 hours and are due to agonism at the FP prostaglandin receptor.
Indications
To lower elevated intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or open-angle glaucoma.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. The drops are administered once daily in the evening into the conjunctival sac of the affected eyes. See also under Administering eye drops.
Contraindications
- Hypersensitivity
- Pregnancy
Full precautions can be found in the drug label.
Interactions
Additive effects have been noted with timolol and brimonidine.
Adverse effects
The most common possible adverse effects include increased blood flow to the eye (red eye, hyperemia), local reactions to the eye such as eye pain, photophobia, and foreign body sensation, and discoloration of the skin around the eyes. Systemic side effects have been observed. The eye drops may alter the eyelashes, leading to an increase in length, thickness, pigmentation, and number. Furthermore, a permanent change in eye color is also possible.
