Introduction
Statistical norms in sports allow to compare individual performance with other athletes of the same target group. The statistical norms consist of mean values and their dispersion data and apply only to a corresponding group. Thus, statistical norms mathematically indicate the average characteristic value.
Group membership
The comparison of average characteristic expressions makes sense naturally only with test persons, who belong to the same group affiliation. Example: For the corresponding performance areas, the data should be determined on samples that are as representative as possible. Statistical norms cannot simply be transferred to each individual and only apply to the individual athlete if he or she behaves in conformity with the norm.
- Average time for 3000 meters male high school graduates.
- Average speed at the anaerobic threshold of 1st Bundesliga footballers
- Average result of a fitness test for 60 year old women
How are statistical standards determined?
Two methods are available for determining statistical standards:
- Determination of the arithmetic mean values
- Regression analytical determination
1. determination of arithmetic mean values
The determination of arithmetic averages is particularly suitable for comparing groups. For example, averages give an overview of whether individual students are better or worse than the average. Calculation: The individual values are added and divided by the number of participants. The sample should/must be sufficiently large and representative for the population. Problems with arithmetic averages: Arithmetic averages are unsuitable for the high performance range, since only a few test persons can fulfill the sporty achievements.
2. regression analytical determination
In the regression-analytical determination, the data are obtained from the so-called extrapolation of the regression line. It is important that the extrapolation can be permitted. The data can be read from these lines. For example, the shot impact power is correlated with the bench press power. From the regression line it can be read off, which bench press power a shot putter should have, when it hits the ball 20 meters
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