Products
Fusafungin was included in Locabiotal Dosage Spray in many countries and has been approved since 1966. It was also sold as Locabiosol in other countries. In 2016, sales were discontinued worldwide due to rare severe hypersensitivity reactions and insufficient evidence of clinical efficacy.
Structure and properties
Fusafungin is a naturally occurring peptide antibiotic. It is a mixture of enniatins, which consist of 6 amino acids forming an 18-membered ring. Fusafungin is derived from the fungus WR strain 437.
Effects
Fusafungin (ATC R02AB03) has local antibacterial (bacteriostatic) and anti-inflammatory properties. It is effective against streptococci, pneumococci, and staphylococci and shows activity against and Candida fungi. Fusafungin is an ionophore and acts as a carrier transporting sodium and potassium ions across cell membranes. The mechanism of action is probably based on this property. It acts locally and is not absorbed.
Indications
As an additional measure in inflammation and infection of the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, pharynx and upper respiratory tract, including rhinitis, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, after removal of the tonsils, inflammation of the larynx or trachea.
Dosage
According to the SmPC. Fusafungin is applied in the form of a spray both in the mouth and throat, and in the nose. The duration of treatment should not exceed 10 days.
Contraindications
Fusafungin should not be used in hypersensitivity and in children under 30 months of age (risk of laryngospasm). Use with caution in bronchial asthma (risk of bronchospasm). For complete precautions, see the drug label.
Interactions
No drug-drug interactions are known to date.
Adverse effects
Adverse effects observed include local irritation, sneezing, dry mucous membrane, tingling, and hypersensitivity reactions.
