A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps:
- General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further:
- Inspection (viewing).
- Skin and mucous membranes
- Eyes [vascular congestion, blood in the eyeball, bluish discoloration of the eye].
- Inspection (viewing).
- Ophthalmic examination – examination of the eye with a slit lamp, determination of visual acuity and determination of refraction (examination of the refractive properties of the eye); stereoscopic findings of optic disc (area of the retina where the retinal nerve fibers gather and form the optic nerve after leaving the eyeball) and peripapillary nerve fiber layer [due topossible sequelae: Blindness, severe visual impairment]Note: Differentiation from macropapillae with physiologic macroexcavation without glaucoma is more difficult the larger the papilla. A small cup is often still considered normal the smaller the optic disc, even though the cup is already due to glaucomatous nerve fiber loss.
- If necessary, neurological examination [cluster headache, migraine (differential diagnoses)].
- Health check
Square brackets [ ] indicate possible pathological (pathological) physical findings.
