Pathogenesis (development of disease) In scabies, transmission of the scabies mite (Sarcoptes scabiei variatio hominis) occurs through frequent close and prolonged skin contact. This prefers body parts where there is a thin horny layer and a relatively high temperature. After the female mites have mated on the skin surface, the males die and the females … Scabies: Causes
General notes Partner management, i.e., infected partners, if any, must be located and treated (contacts must be traced for 2 months). Observance of general hygiene measures After the implementation of drug therapy, bed linen, towels and clothing that has come into contact with the skin must be washed at > 50 ° C and stored … Scabies: Therapy
Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99). Atopic eczema (neurodermatitis). Bullous pemphigoid (BP) – blistering skin disease; occur especially in elderly patients. Infantile atopic eczema (usually from the 3rd month of life) or atopic eczema (neurodermatitis) (manifestation possible at any age). Infantile eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (DD scabies in early infancy). Contact dermatitis (manifestation possible at any age). Neonatal … Scabies: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by scabies (scabies) as well: Skin and subcutaneous (L00-L99). Secondary bacterial infection Eczematous skin lesions may result from scratching Post-scabial granulomas (no longer contagious/infectious). Reinfection with scabies
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing) of the skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae (white part of the eye) [Leading symptoms: Pruritus (itching) that increases with warmth, especially bed warmth. Small, irregularly tortuous mite ducts (duct-like, … Scabies: Examination
Laboratory parameters of the 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests. Examination of the sample obtained from the physical examination (skin scales, from the area of the ducts or in the immediate vicinity) under the microscope, if necessary also dermoscopy (reflected light microscopy) [detection: mites, feces and / or eggs]. Screening for other sexually transmitted diseases … Scabies: Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic target Elimination of scabies mites (Sarcoptes scabiei variatio hominis; parasite). Partner management, i.e., infected partners, if any, must be located and treated (contacts must be traced for 2 months). Therapy recommendations Scabicidal/anti-mite agents (first-line agent: permethrin; note advice on age; pregnancy/breastfeeding; scabies norvegica sive crustosa): Infants, including neonates: inpatient therapy (5% permethrin; crotamiton ointment). … Scabies: Drug Therapy
To prevent scabies (scabies), attention must be paid to reducing risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Poor hygienic conditions Frequent (intense) physical contact (e.g., cuddling with children; sexual intercourse). A transmission through Shared bed linen, underwear, towels, etc. is theoretically possible; these must be changed daily and washed at a minimum of 50 degrees alternatively packed … Scabies: Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate scabies (scabies): Leading symptoms Pruritus (itching), which increases with heat, especially bed heat (nocturnal itching) [in immunocompetent people most violent itching!]. Small, irregularly wound mite ducts (duct-like, elongated papules), which are surrounded by vesicles and eczema Predilection sites (body regions where the disease preferentially occurs) of mite ducts … Scabies: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of scabies (scabies). Family history What is the general health of your relatives? Do family members/other contacts also have sudden onset itchy skin lesions? Social history Do you have frequent and prolonged close physical contact with others in your professional or personal life? … Scabies: Medical History
