Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax/chest), in two planes. Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of the abdominal organs) – for basic diagnostics. Electrocardiogram (ECG; recording of the electrical activity of … Dengue Fever: Diagnostic Tests
Dengue vaccination is the most important and effective preventive measure for persons aged 9 to 45 years who have already had dengue infection and who reside in endemic areas. To prevent dengue fever, attention must be paid to reducing risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Bite of mosquito (especially Aedes aegypti, Aedes scutelaris, and Aedes albopictus/Stegomyia … Dengue Fever: Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate dengue fever: Symptoms of dengue fever range from mild flu-like symptoms to serious complications such as hemorrhages (bleeding) or severe shock syndrome. Symptoms of classic dengue fever (DF). High fever (up to 40 °C, 48-96 hours) with a brief drop in fever on day 3-4 (often, but not … Dengue Fever: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (development of disease) Dengue virus is one of the flaviviruses (single-stranded RNA viruses). Four serotypes can be distinguished (DEN-1 to DEN-4). Dengue viruses are transmitted by mosquitoes, especially Aedes aegypti, Aedes scutelaris and Aedes albopictus/Stegomyia albopicta/Asian tiger mosquito. The Asian tiger mosquito is a striking black and white patterned mosquito between two and ten … Dengue Fever: Causes
General measures In case of severe course inpatient treatment! Observance of general hygiene measures! Nicotine restriction (refrain from tobacco use). Alcohol restriction (abstaining from alcohol) Conventional non-surgical therapy methods In dengue hemorrhagic fever, intensive medical treatment is required immediately. If the hematocrit (percentage of cellular components in the volume of blood) increases > 20%, early … Dengue Fever: Therapy
Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of dengue fever. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Social history Have you been abroad recently? If so, where exactly? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). What symptoms have you noticed? How long have these symptoms … Dengue Fever: Medical History
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Arbovirus infections, unspecified. Chikungunya fever – disease caused by the chikungunya virus and transmitted by mosquitoes. Yellow fever Japanese encephalitis – infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus. Leptospirosis (Weil’s disease) – bacterial infectious disease caused by leptospires. Malaria Measles (Morbilli) Meningococcal infections Rubella Typhoid abdominalis – … Dengue Fever: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that may be contributed to by dengue hemorrhagic fever: Blood, blood-forming organs – Immune system (D50-D90). Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy or DIC (as an abbreviation of the English term Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation) – acute coagulation disorder caused by excessive activation of coagulation. Cardiovascular System (I00-I99). Cardiac involvement, … Dengue Fever: Complications
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height, Inspection (viewing) Skin Erythema (extensive reddening of the skin), especially on the face and chest, which can be pushed away; often with “white dermographism” (skin reaction visible a few … Dengue Fever: Examination
2nd order laboratory parameters – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, and obligatory laboratory parameters – for differential diagnostic clarification. DENV RNA – virus detection by PCR (polymerase chain reaction, PCR)* – between the 3rd-7th day of illness. Virus cultivation* – between the 3rd – 7th day of illness. DENV-NS-1 antigen (the … Dengue Fever: Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic target Early detection of possible complications (hemorrhages, shock); see under “Symptoms – complaints”/ warning signs (red flags). Therapy recommendations Causal therapy is not possible. Close clinical and laboratory monitoring (see under laboratory diagnostics). Inpatient admission depending on the general condition and always in the case of a platelet drop (drop in blood platelets) to … Dengue Fever: Drug Therapy
