Vitamin B Complex

Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Definition, Synthesis, Absorption, Transport, and Distribution

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a water-soluble vitamin and belongs to the group of B vitamins. Based on the observation by the Dutch physician Christiaan Eijkman at the end of the 19th century that beriberi-like symptoms occurred in chickens after they were fed hulled and polished rice, but not after they were given unhulled and unpolished … Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Definition, Synthesis, Absorption, Transport, and Distribution

Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Functions

Thiamine (vitamin B1) occurs mainly in phophorylated form as thiamine diphosphate (TDP) or as thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP). It has functions as a co-enzyme as well as independent functions. As a co-enzyme, it is required in the mitochondria (power plants of the cell) for a small number of important metabolic processes in the context of energy … Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Functions

Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Interactions

Interactions of thiamine (vitamin B1) with other agents (micronutrients, foods): Anti-Thiamine Factor (ATF) The presence of anti-thiamine factor (ATF) in foods can lead to thiamine deficiency. This reacts with thiamine and leads to the inactivation of thiamine.Consumption of large amounts of tea and coffee – including decaffeinated coffee – as well as chewing tea leaves … Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Interactions

Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Deficiency Symptoms

If less than 0.2 mg of thiamine per 1000 kcal (4.2 MJ) is consumed in the diet, the first symptoms of vitamin B1 deficiency may appear after only 4 to 10 days. Marginal thiamine deficiency is initially manifested by nonspecific symptoms, such as fatigue, weight loss, and confusional states. Clinical symptoms of thiamine deficiency include. … Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Deficiency Symptoms

Thiamine (Vitamin B1): At-Risk Groups

Risk groups for vitamin B1 deficiency include individuals with: Deficiency and malnutrition, for example, a diet frequently high in protein and carbohydrates. Chronic alcohol abuse Malabsorption (Crohn’s disease, sprue) High black tea consumption or intake of drugs, especially antacids (both black tea and antacids inhibit the absorption of thiamine). Chronic hemodialysis Diabetic acidosis Severe acute … Thiamine (Vitamin B1): At-Risk Groups

Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Safety Assessment

The European food safety authority (EFSA) was unable to derive a safe maximum daily intake due to a lack of human studies with very high doses of vitamin B1. There are no reports of adverse effects from excessive intake of vitamin B1 from food or supplements. In studies, no side effects occurred with a daily … Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Safety Assessment

Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Supply Situation

In the National Nutrition Survey II (NVS II, 2008), the dietary behavior of the population was investigated for Germany and it was shown how this affects the average daily nutrient intake with macro- and micronutrients (vital substances). The intake recommendations (D-A-CH reference values) of the German Nutrition Society (DGE) are used as the basis for … Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Supply Situation

Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Intake

The intake recommendations (D-A-CH reference values) of the German Nutrition Society (DGE) presented below are aimed at healthy people of normal weight. They do not refer to the supply of sick and convalescent people. Individual requirements may therefore be higher than the DGE intake recommendations (e.g., due to dietary habits, consumption of stimulants, long-term medication, … Thiamine (Vitamin B1): Intake

Vitamin B Complex Effects

The vitamin B complex is composed of numerous hydrophilic (water-soluble) vitamins of the B group.This group includes: Thiamine (vitamin B1), riboflavin (vitamin B2), niacin (vitamin B3). Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) Biotin (vitamin B7) Folic acid (vitamin B9) Cobalamin (vitamin B12) Vitamin B complex is found in both plant and animal foods. An … Vitamin B Complex Effects

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): Functions

These flavin co-enzymes are of great importance for the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins – furthermore for the pyridoxine, niacin, folic acid and vitamin K metabolism.Riboflavin is also significant for the regeneration of the “glutathione system”, which occupies a central position in the “antioxidant network” of the body: Glutathione reductase is an FAD-dependent enzyme … Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): Functions

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): Interactions

Interactions of riboflavin (vitamin B2) with other micronutrients (vital substances): Vitamin B complex Because flavoproteins interfere with the metabolism of some other vitamins such as vitamin B6, niacin, and folic acid, a marked riboflavin deficiency affects diverse enzyme systems. The conversion of naturally occurring vitamin B6 to its co-enzyme form – pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) – … Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): Interactions

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): Deficiency Symptoms

Riboflavin deficiency rarely occurs alone and is often found in combination with deficiencies of other water-soluble vitamins. Symptoms of riboflavin deficiency may include: Sore throat Redness and swelling of the mouth and throat Cracks at the corner of the mouth Inflammation and redness of the tongue (glossitis) Vascular malformation in the cornea of the eyes … Riboflavin (Vitamin B2): Deficiency Symptoms