Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of rotavirus infection. Family history What is the general health of your family members? Social history What is your profession? Do you work/live in a community facility? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic and psychological complaints). Do you suffer from severe vomiting and/or diarrhea? … Rotavirus Infection: Medical History
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Infectious gastroenteritis (gastroenteritis), unspecified. Norovirus infection Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Noninfectious gastroenteritis, unspecified. Food poisoning, unspecified Medication Nausea/vomiting can be triggered by a variety of medications (see below “Gastrointestinal symptoms caused by medications”) Taking laxatives (laxatives). Antibiotics – group of drugs that act against bacterial … Rotavirus Infection: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by varicella (chickenpox), especially in immunocompromised patients: Respiratory system (J00-J99) Pneumonia (pneumonia); not uncommonly severe in pregnant women; lethality of untreated varicella pneumonia in pregnancy: -44% (increasing with gestational age). Eyes and eye appendages (H00-H59). Corneal lesions (corneal changes). Certain conditions originating … Chickenpox (Varicella): Complications
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body temperature, body weight, body height; furthermore: Inspection (viewing). Skin, mucous membranes, and sclerae (white part of the eye) [leading symptom: itchy exanthema (rash) with papules, vesicles, and crusts that are in various stages of … Chickenpox (Varicella): Examination
Laboratory parameters 1st order Antibody detection by serologic methods such as ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) – antigen detection (IgG, IgM, and IgA Elisa). Anti-VZV IgG (in unvaccinated childbearing women with unclear or negative varicella history). KBR Laboratory parameters 2nd order Direct virus detection using PCR (polymerase chain reaction) from vesicle contents, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or … Chickenpox (Varicella): Test and Diagnosis
Therapeutic targets Improvement of the symptomatology Avoidance of complications Therapy recommendations Symptomatic therapy (antipyretic/antipyretic drugs if necessary). Virostasis (antivirals/drugs that inhibit viral replication; indications: Adolescents, adults, 3rd trimester of pregnancy (with confirmed exposure/exposure), immunosuppression). In pregnant women with confirmed exposure additional administration of varicella-zoster immunoglobulin required. If necessary, antibiotics to prevent bacterial superinfection (secondary infection … Chickenpox (Varicella): Drug Therapy
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnosticsand obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. Abdominal ultrasonography (ultrasound examination of abdominal organs) – for suspected hepatitis (inflammation of the liver), glomerulonephritis (inflammation of the renal corpuscles). X-ray of the thorax (X-ray thorax / chest), in … Chickenpox (Varicella): Diagnostic Tests
Varicella vaccination (chickenpox vaccination) as a combination vaccination mumps–measles–rubella-varicella (simultaneous administration of varicella vaccine and MMR vaccine; in childhood) is the most important and effective preventive measure.To prevent varicella (chickenpox), attention must further be paid to reducing risk factors. Behavioral risk factors Contact with ill persons in the phase of infection. However, this begins a … Chickenpox (Varicella): Prevention
The following symptoms and complaints may indicate varicella (chickenpox): Leading symptoms Itchy exanthema (rash) with papules, vesicles, and crusts (scabs) that are in various stages of development (Heubner’s star chart; starry sky); usually occurs first on the face and trunk of the body. The lesions (“damage”) can also spread to mucous membranes and hairy scalp. … Chickenpox (Varicella): Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Pathogenesis (development of disease) Varicella-zoster virus (synonyms: varicella-zoster virus (VZV) – also spelled varicella-zoster virus and referred to as human herpes virus-3)) is transmitted aerogenically or as a smear infection and enters the body through the mucous membranes or conjunctiva. From there, it travels to the lymph nodes, where it multiplies greatly and then primarily … Chickenpox (Varicella): Causes
Transmission from mother to unborn child is relatively rare. However, if it occurs, and in the first or second trimester (third trimester of pregnancy), it can lead to the so-called fetal varicella syndrome. This refers to a combination of different diseases and malformations of the newborn. These include: Skin lesions such as scars, ulcerations (ulcers). … Chickenpox (Varicella): Varicella and Pregnancy
Family history (medical history) is an important component in the diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. Family history Social anamnesis Current medical history/systemic medical history (somatic and psychological complaints). In what places have you noticed changes? What do these changes look like? Do you have itching, burning or discharge? Do you have any bleeding? Vegetative … HPV Infection: Medical History
