To obtain an assessment of the individual supply of omega-3 fatty acids over the past weeks, the long-term parameter HS-Omega-3 Index (HS = high sensitivity) is suitable without exception. With this parameter, the fatty acid supply of the last 8-12 weeks can be assessed. Fatty acids are integrated into the cell membrane of all body cells – consisting of phospholipid bilayers – in a concentration-dependent manner, whereby the fatty acid distribution in the membranes of different tissues varies. The measurement of marine omega-3 fatty acids in the erythrocyte membrane (membrane of red blood cells) has been found to be representative.The concentration-dependent incorporation of omega-3 fatty acids into the cell membrane represents a long-term parameter of marine omega-3 fatty acid supply with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) due to slow incorporation and removal kinetics. Thus, the level of the HS omega-3 index depends essentially on the duration and the level of serum EPA and DHA. The higher the serum level for EPA and DHA in the long term, the:
- Higher the percentage of these fatty acids in the cell membrane.
- Better is the cell protection
- The more effective are the preventive effects of EPA and DHA and
- The higher ultimately turns out the HS Omega-3 index.
Using serum levels for fatty acid analysis is completely unsuitable as a biomarker because they follow food-dependent fluctuations too quickly.
The procedure
Material needed
- EDTA blood (2 ml)
Preparation of the patient
- Not required
Disruptive factors
- “False” high values of HS omega-3 index due to:
- Excessive substitution of EPA and DHA by dietary supplements.
- “Falsely” low levels of HS omega-3 index by:
- Incorrect use of sample dilutions instead of standardized EDTA tubes.
- Higher erythrocyte turnover (turnover)
- Chronic renal insufficiency (kidney weakness; process leading to a slowly progressive reduction in kidney function) with shortened red cell survival
- Hemolytic anemia (form of anemia in which the erythrocytes (red blood cells) are destroyed).
- Liver cirrhosis (liver shrinkage; irreversible (not reversible) damage to the liver and a pronounced remodeling of liver tissue) with shortened erythrocyte survival.
- After blood transfusions
Standard values
Optimal range | 8-11 % |
Reduced range | 6-8 % |
Critical range | < 6 % |
Determination method used: patent pending
Indications
- Long-term monitoring of fatty acid supply and intake of EPA and DHA.
- Individuals with medical conditions
- Heart disease
- Depression
- Age-related macular degeneration (progressive loss of central visual acuity).
- Chronic inflammatory diseases (eg, rheumatoid arthritis).
- Individuals at increased risk for
- Coronary artery disease (CAD; coronary artery disease).
- Sudden cardiac death (PHT)
- Depression
- Alzheimer’s disease (esp. in the presence of the ApoE-ε4 allele on chromosome 19).
- Women before or during pregnancy
HS-Omega-3 index should be checked at the following intervals:
- After substitution of EPA and DHA by fatty sea fish or supplements, a follow-up determination of the HS-Omega-3 Index should be made after 8-12 weeks.
- When the target value of 8-11% is reached, annual checks are sufficient if the intake of EPA and DHA remains unchanged.
Interpretation
Interpretation of increased values
- If the HS omega-3 index is above 11%, the intake of the supplement should be reduced.
Interpretation of lowered values
- If the HS Omega-3 Index is below 8%, there is an insufficient food supply and / or a genetically reduced absorption capacity of EPA and DHA and / or a dietary error and / or a vegan diet.
Notes
- Therapy
- If the HS omega-3 index is less than 8%, nutritional counseling should be given regarding increasing the consumption of fatty sea fish and/or advice should be given regarding the use of an adequate dietary supplement.For this purpose, fish oil from wild-caught fish, krill oil and algae preparations are suitable, whereby special attention should be paid to the proportion of EPA and DHA as currently the only proven preventively effective omega-3 fatty acids.
- The HS Omega-3 Index meets all criteria for biomarkers of cardiovascular risk of the US Preventive Service Task Force and American Heart Assossiation.