Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia (sickle cell disease).
Family history
- What is the general health of your family members?
- Are there any diseases in your family that are common?
- Are there any hereditary diseases in your family?
Social anamnesis
Current medical history/systemic medical history (somatic and psychological complaints).
- What symptoms have you noticed?
- How long has this symptomatology been present?
- Was there a triggering moment for the symptomatology? Infection? Strong physical exertion?
- Do you suffer from acute abdominal pain? Pain in the chest? Pain in the extremities? etc.
- Have you had such symptoms before?
- Do you often suffer from infections?
- Do you suffer from kidney dysfunction?
Vegetative anamnesis incl. nutritional anamnesis
Self anamnesis incl. medication anamnesis
- Pre-existing conditions (diseases of the blood / immune system).
- Surgeries (splenectomy (removal of spleen))
- Radiotherapy
- Vaccination status
- Allergies
- Medication history
Medication history
Anemia
- Antiprotozoal drugs
- Analogue of the azo dye trypan blue (suramin).
- Pentamidine
- Alpha-methyldopa (antihypertensive).
- Antimalarials, such as primaquine or dapsone.
- Chelating agents (D-penicillamine, trieethylenetetramine dihydrochloride (Trien), tetrathiomolybdenum).
- Quinidine
- Direct Factor Xa inhibitor (rivaroxaban).
- Immunosuppressants (thalidomide).
- Janus kinase inhibitors (ruxolitinib).
- Monoclonal antibodies – pertuzumab
- MTOR inhibitors (everolimus, temsirolimus).
- Neomycin
- P-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine)
- Phenytoin [megaoblastic anemia]
- Thrombin inhibitor (dabigatran)
- Tuberculostatics (isoniazid, INH; rifampicin, RMF).
- Antivirals
- Nucleoside analogues (ribavirin) [hemolytic anemia.]
- NS5A inhibitors (daclatasvir).
- Protease inhibitors (boceprevir, telaprevir).
Aplastic anemia
- Allopurinol*
- Alpha-methyldopa*
- Antibiotics – drugs such as streptomycin* , tetracycline* or methicillin* .
- Antidiabetic drugs – tolbutamide and chlorpropamide.
- Antihistamines – cimetidine
- Anticonvulsants – carbomazepine
- Carboanhydrase inhibitors (CAH, CAI) – acetazolamide, dichlorophenamide, methazolamide.
- Quinidine*
- Chloramphenicol
- Colchicine
- D-penicillamine – drug used in the therapy of rheumatoid arthritis.
- Lithium*
- Medicines for protozoan infections such as chloroquine or mepacrine.
- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – phenylbutazone, ibuprofen, or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA).
- Estrogens
- Sedatives – such as chlorpromazine* or meprobamate* .
- Sulfonamides
- Tuberculostatics (isoniazid, INH)
- Thyrostatic agents – such as methylthiouracil or carbimazole.
- Cytostatics
- Alkylants such as chlorambucil or cyclophosphamide.
- Antimetabolites such as mercaptopurine, fluorouracil or methotrexate.
- Mitosis inhibitors such as vincristine or paclitaxel.
Note: For drugs marked with an asterisk (* ), the association with aplastic anemia is poorly established.