Products Ketotifen eye drops have been approved in many countries since 2000 (Zaditen Ophtha / -SDU, Zabak). Structure and properties Ketotifen (C19H19NOS, Mr = 309.43 g/mol) is a tricyclic benzocycloheptathiophene derivative structurally related to pizotifen (Mosegor, out of commerce). It is present in drugs as ketotifen hydrogen fumarate, a white to brownish yellow crystalline powder … Ketotifen Eye Drops
Products Emedastine is commercially available in the form of eye drops (Emadine). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. Structure and properties Emedastine (C17H26N4O, Mr = 302.41 g/mol) is a benzimidazole and a methyl diazepine derivative. It is present in drugs as emedastinidifumarate, a white powder that is soluble in water. Effects Emedastine … Emedastine
Products Medicines containing nedocromil are no longer available in many countries. The eye drops (Tilavist), nasal spray (Tilarin), and preparation for inhalation (Tilade) are out of commerce, presumably for commercial reasons. This article refers to ocular use. Structure and properties Nedocromil (C19H17NO7, Mr = 371.34 g/mol) belongs to the class of pyranoquinolines and is present … Nedocromil
Products Astemizole was commercially available in tablet and suspension form (Hismanal). It has been withdrawn from the market in many countries because of potential adverse effects and is no longer available (see below). It may well be replaced by other, better-tolerated antihistamines, such as cetirizine, loratadine, and fexofenadine. Structure and properties Astemizole (C28H31FN4O, Mr = … Astemizole
Effects Antihistamine eye drops have antihistamine and antiallergic properties. They are more or less selective antagonists of histamine at the H1 receptor, abolish histamine effects and thus relieve symptoms such as itching, redness, swelling, and tearing. Compared with oral antihistamines, the effect occurs after only a few minutes and lasts up to 12 hours. Many … Antihistamine Eye Drops
Products Antihistamines are often taken in the form of tablets. In addition, drops, solutions, lozenges, capsules, gels, creams, eye drops, nasal sprays, and injectable solutions are also available, among others. The first active ingredient from this group was phenbenzamine (Antergan), developed in France in the 1940s. It is no longer commercially available today. Structure and … Antihistamines for Allergies
Products Various injectables are approved for subcutaneous immunotherapy in many countries. Ingredients The drugs contain allergen extracts of common allergens, such as those from pollen, insect venom, fungi, animals, and dust mites. Effects The allergen extracts (ATC V01AA) produce symptom relief and immune tolerance to the allergens. Medications used to treat the condition can usually … Subcutaneous Immunotherapy (Hyposensitization)
Products Triamcinolone acetonide nasal sprays have been approved in many countries since 1996 and are commercially available as propellant-free metered-dose sprays (Nasacort, Nasacort Allergo, Suspension). Structure and properties Triamcinolone acetonide (C24H31FO6, Mr = 434.5 g/mol) is a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is a lipophilic and potent derivative of triamcinolone. … Triamcinolone Acetonide Nasal Spray
Products Epinastine is commercially available in the form of eye drops (Relestat). It has been approved in many countries since 2004. Structure and properties Epinastine (C16H15N3, Mr = 249.31 g/mol) is present in drugs as epinastine hydrochloride. It is an azepine and imidazole derivative. Effects Epinastine (ATC S01GX10) has antihistamine, antiallergic, and mast cell stabilizing … Epinastine
Products Drug product containing acrivastine is no longer available in many countries. Semprex capsules are out of trade. Structure and properties Acrivastine (C22H24N2O2, Mr = 348.44 g/mol) is a derivative of the antihistamine triprolidine (not commercially available). It exists as an odorless, white, crystalline powder that is somewhat sparse in water. Acrivastine belongs to the … Acrivastin
Synonym Triamcinolone acetonideVolon® A is a drug belonging to the glucocorticoid group. Glucocorticoids have the property of counteracting inflammation and allergies and reducing the body’s immune response. Due to these three properties of Volon® A it can be used in a wide range of diseases. The application ranges from inflammatory skin diseases to rheumatic diseases … Volon A
Contraindications Volon® A is not recommended in cases of immunodeficiency, as it additionally suppresses the immune system. Volon® A can also not be used in case of severe infections. In cases of damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa, severe osteoporosis and mental illness, the advantages and disadvantages of therapy with Volon® A must be weighed up. … Contraindications | Volon A
