amphetamines

Paranoid Schizophrenia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Paranoid schizophrenia is the most common subtype of schizophrenia. The disorder is characterized by various complaints such as persecutory delusions, visual and auditory hallucinations. The alternative name “paranoid-hallucinatory schizophrenia” also stems from this. What is paranoid schizophrenia? Schizophrenia has a multifaceted appearance and belongs to the so-called endogenous psychoses. These are clinical pictures that are … Paranoid Schizophrenia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Kleine-Levin Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Kleine-Levin syndrome is an episodic recurrent hypersomnia characterized by increased sleepiness, perceptual disturbances, and paradoxical waking behaviors. Presumably, a central nervous cause is present. To date, there is no established treatment option because of its low prevalence. What is Kleine-Levin syndrome? The medical profession knows Kleine-Levin syndrome as periodic hypersomnia in childhood or adolescence. More … Kleine-Levin Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Night Work

Background According to the Labor Law, shift work refers to employees working staggered and alternately at the same workplace: “Shift work occurs when two or more groups of employees are assigned to work staggered and alternately at the same workplace according to a specific schedule.” This definition also refers to work during the day. From … Night Work

Amphetamine

Products In many countries, no drugs containing amphetamine are currently registered. The active ingredient is subject to narcotics legislation and requires an aggravated prescription, but is basically not prohibited like other substances from the amphetamine group. In some countries, medicines containing dexamphetamine are on the market, for example in Germany and the USA. Structure and … Amphetamine

Amphetamines

Products Amphetamines are commercially available as drugs in the form of tablets, sustained-release tablets, capsules, and sustained-release capsules. Structure and properties Amphetamines are derivatives of amphetamine. It is a methylphenethylamine structurally related to endogenous monoamines and stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine. Amphetamines are racemates and the –enantiomers. Effects Amphetamines have sympathomimetic, central stimulant, bronchodilator, psychoactive, … Amphetamines

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Symptoms Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD, ADHD) is a developmental disorder of the central nervous system. Leading symptoms include: Inattention, decreased ability to concentrate. Hyperactivity, motor restlessness, restlessness. Impulsive (thoughtless) behavior Emotional problems Although ADHD begins in childhood, it also affects adolescents and adults and is more common in boys than girls. It presents itself, … Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Cathin

Products In many countries, there are currently no registered medicines containing the active ingredient Cathin. Products containing Cathine are not banned, but are subject to prescription and narcotics laws. Structure D-cathine (C9H13NO, Mr = 151.2 g/mol) is a natural substance from the cath (, Celastraceae), which is also produced synthetically. It is a hydroxylated amphetamine … Cathin

Dexmethylphenidate

Products Dexmethylphenidate is commercially available in the form of capsules with a modified release of active ingredient (Focalin XR). It was approved in many countries in 2009. Since it does not contain L-threo-methylphenidate, the strengths are correspondingly half less (5 mg, 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg) than Ritalin LA (10 mg, 20 mg, 30 … Dexmethylphenidate

Fatigue

Symptoms Fatigue is a physiological and subjective response of the organism to mental and physical exertion. It is undesirable when it occurs rapidly, frequently, and excessively. Fatigue manifests itself, among other things, in a lack of energy, exhaustion, weakness, listlessness, and reduced performance and motivation. It can also be accompanied by irritability. Fatigue occurs acutely … Fatigue

MDA (Methylenedioxyamphetamine)

Products MDA is one of the narcotics and banned substances in many countries. It is not commercially available. MDA was first synthesized in 1910. Structure and properties Methylenedioxyamphetamine (C10H13NO2, Mr = 179.2 g/mol) is a 3,4-methylenedioxy derivative of amphetamine. It is structurally closely related to ecstasy (methylenedioxymethamphetamine, MDMA). Some ecstasy tablets contain MDA instead of … MDA (Methylenedioxyamphetamine)

Solriamfetol

Products Solriamfetol was approved in the United States in tablet form in 2019 (Sunosi). Structure and properties Solriamfetol (C10H14N2O2, Mr = 194.2 g/mol) is present in the drug as -solriamfetol hydrochloride, a white substance that is highly soluble in water. Solriamfetol is a carbamate and structurally related to amphetamines but pharmacologically distinct from them. Effects … Solriamfetol

Sibutramine

Products and withdrawal from the market Sibutramine was approved in 1999 and was commercially available in many countries in 10- and 15-mg capsule form (Reductil, Abbott AG). On March 29, 2010, Abbott AG, in consultation with Swissmedic, informed the public that the marketing authorization had been suspended. Since then, sibutramine may no longer be prescribed … Sibutramine