Products Carteolol is available in the form of extended-release eye drops (Arteoptic LA). Carteolol has been approved in many countries since 1984. Arteopilo, the combination with pilocarpine, is no longer marketed in many countries. Structure and properties Carteolol (C16H24N2O3, Mr = 292.4 g/mol) is a dihydroquinolinone and a racemate. It is present in drugs as … Carteolol
Products Beta-blockers are available in many countries in the form of tablets, film-coated tablets, sustained-release tablets, as capsules, solution, eye drops, and as injection and infusion solutions. Propranolol (Inderal) was the first representative of this group to appear on the market in the mid-1960s. Today, the most important active ingredients include atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol and … Beta Blocker Effects and Side Effects
Effects Beta-blockers (ATC S01ED) lower intraocular pressure. The effects are presumably due to a reduction in aqueous humor secretion. As with systemically administered agents, a distinction is made between selective and nonselective, hydrophilic and lipophilic, and agents with or without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Since the active substances can enter the bloodstream, they have the potential, … Beta Blocker Eye Drops
Symptoms Glaucoma is a progressive eye disease that is initially asymptomatic. Patients have no symptoms until the optic nerve becomes increasingly damaged, which can lead to irreversible visual impairment with visual field loss and blindness. Glaucoma represents the most common cause of blindness. Causes The cause of the disease is usually an increase in intraocular … Glaucoma: Causes and Treatment
Products Timolol is commercially available in the form of eye drops and as an eye gel. In addition to the original Timoptic, generics and various fixed combinations with other antiglaucomatous agents are also commercially available (brinzolamide, brimonidine, dorzolamide, travoprost, latanoprost). Timolol has been approved in many countries since 1978. See also under timolol gel (hemangioma). … Timolol
Products Betaxolol is commercially available in the form of eye drops (Betoptic S). It has been approved in many countries since 1995. Structure and properties Betaxolol is present in drugs as betaxolol hydrochloride and racemate (C18H30ClNO3, Mr = 343.9 g/mol), a white crystalline powder that is very soluble in water. The enantiomer levobetaxolol is also … Betaxolol
Products Levobunolol is commercially available in the form of eye drops (Vistagan). It has been approved in many countries since 1987. Structure and properties Levobunolol (C17H25NO3, Mr = 291.4 g/mol) is a dihydronaphthalinone and the -enantiomer of bunolol, which is significantly more potent than the -enantiomer. In pharmaceuticals, it is present as levobunolol hydrochloride. Effects … Levobunolol
Products Various eye drops containing dexamethasone as suspensions and solutions are commercially available in many countries (Dexafree UD, Maxidex, Spersadex mono, combination products). Structure and properties Dexamethasone (C22H29FO5, Mr = 392.5 g/mol) exists as a white, crystalline, and odorless powder that is practically insoluble in water and is therefore prepared as a suspension. The solutions … Dexamethasone Eye Drops
