Products Insulin glulisine is commercially available as an injectable and is usually administered with an insulin pen (Apidra). It has been approved in many countries since 2005. The brand name Apidra is derived from English (fast), and the active ingredient name glulisine is derived from the exchanged amino acids glutamic acid and lysine. Structure and … Insulin Glulisine
Products Insulin lispro is commercially available as an injectable (Humalog). It has been approved in many countries since 1995. Biosimilars are available in some countries. In 2021, Lyumjev was approved in many countries, a new formulation that is characterized by an (even) faster onset of action and a slightly shorter duration of action. Structure and … Insulin Lispro
Products Insulins are primarily commercially available in the form of clear injection solutions and turbid injection suspensions (vials, cartridges for pens, ready-to-use pens). In some countries, inhalation preparations are also available. However, these are an exception. Insulins should be stored in a refrigerator at 2 to 8°C (see under Refrigerated Storage). They must not be … Insulins
Products Insulin aspart is marketed as an injectable (NovoRapid, USA: NovoLog). It has been approved in many countries since 1999. The fixed combination IDegAsp (insulin aspart + insulin degludec, Ryzodeg) was registered in many countries and in the EU in 2013. In 2017, Fiasp ultra-fast-acting, a very fast-acting insulin aspart, was also approved. With the … Insulin Aspart
Products Insulin degludec is commercially available as a solution for injection (Tresiba). It is also combined fixed with insulin aspart (Ryzodeg, see under IDegAsp). It was newly approved in many countries in March 2013. In 2014, a fixed combination with liraglutide was registered (Xultophy); see under IDegLira. Structure and properties Insulin degludec has essentially the … Insulin Degludec
Products Human insulin is commercially available as an injectable (e.g., Huminsulin, Insuman). Rapid-acting and sustained-release dosage forms exist (e.g., isophane insulin), as well as mixed insulins. Human insulin is produced by biotechnological methods and stored in a refrigerator. It should not be frozen or exposed to high heat. Some preparations can be stored with the … Human Insulin
Products Dapagliflozin is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Forxiga). It was approved in the EU in 2012 and in the United States and many countries in 2014. Dapagliflozin is also combined fixed with metformin (Xigduo XR). A fixed combination with saxagliptin was approved in 2017 (Qternmet film-coated tablets). Qternmet XR is a … Dapagliflozin
Products Albiglutide was approved in many countries, in the EU, and in the United States in 2014 in the form of an injectable (Eperzan). Structure and properties Albiglutide is a GLP-1 dimer (fragment of 30 amino acids, 7-36) fused to the human protein albumin. The amino acid alanine at position 8 has been replaced by … Albiglutide
Structure and properties Remogliflozin (C23H32N2O8, Mr = 464.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as remogliflozinetabonate, an ester prodrug of remogliflozin. Effects Remogliflozin has antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic properties. It is a selective inhibitor of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2). This transporter is responsible for the reabsorption of glucose at the proximal tubule of the nephron. Inhibition leads … Remogliflozin
Products Canagliflozin is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Invokana). It was approved in the United States and EU in 2013 and in many countries in 2014. Vokanamet is a fixed combination of canagliflozin and metformin. It was also registered in many countries in 2014. Structure and properties Canagliflozin (C24H25FO5S, Mr = 444.5 … Canagliflozin
Products Ipragliflozin is not currently registered in many countries. It was first approved in Japan in 2014 (Suglat). Structure and properties Ipragliflozin (C21H21FO5S, Mr = 404.5 g/mol) is a benzthiophene derivative. Effects Ipragliflozin has antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic properties. It is a selective inhibitor of sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2). This transporter is responsible for the reabsorption … Ipragliflozin
Products Porcine insulin was commercially available as an injectable (insulin hypurin porcine). It was available as rapid-acting insulin, isophane insulin, and mixed insulin. Porcine insulin is stored in a refrigerator. It should not be frozen or exposed to high heat. Insulin Hypurin Porcine was withdrawn from the market in many countries on October 31, 2015. … Porcine Insulin
