Products Digoxin is commercially available in many countries in tablet form and as a solution for injection and has been approved since 1960 (Digoxin Juvisé, original: Sandoz). Structure and properties Digoxin (C41H64O14, Mr = 780.96 g/mol) is a cardiac glycoside obtained from the leaves of . It is composed of three sugar units (hexoses) and … Digoxin: Drug Effects, Side Effects, Dosage and Uses
Products Dihydrotachysterol is commercially available as an oily solution (A.T. 10). It has been approved in many countries since 1952. Structure and properties Dihydrotachysterol (C28H46O, Mr = 398.7 g/mol) is a lipophilic analog of vitamin D. Effects Dihydrotachysterol (ATC A11CC02) has multiple properties in calcium metabolism. The compound is already active and does not need … Dihydrotachysterol
Definition Pharmaceutical agents are excreted primarily in the urine and, via the liver, in the bile in the stool. When excreted via the bile, they re-enter the small intestine, where they may be reabsorbed. They are transported back to the liver via the portal vein. This repetitive process is called the enterohepatic circulation. It prolongs … Enterohepatic Circulation
Products Bisacodyl is commercially available in the form of enteric-coated tablets (dragées) and suppositories (Dulcolax, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1957. Structure and properties Bisacodyl (C22H19NO4, Mr = 361.39 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is a diphenylmethane and triarylmethane derivative. Bisacodyl is … Bisacodyl
Stem plant The parent plant of arnzeidroge is the American sloth tree D.C. of the buckthorn family. Medicinal drug Cascara bark (Rhamni purshiani cortex) is used as a medicinal drug. It consists of the dried whole or crushed bark of D.C. ( (D.C.) A. Gray) (PhEur). The pharmacopoeia requires a minimum content of hydroxyanthracene glycosides. … Cascara Bark
Stem plant Baillon, Polygonaceae, rhubarb. Medicinal drug Rhei radix – Rhubarb root: Rhubarb root consists of the dried, whole or cut parts of L., Baillon, of hybrids of the two species, or of a mixture. The underground parts are often divided. The drug is stripped of the stem and largely of the outer bark with … Rhubarb
Indications For the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Active ingredients Class I (sodium channel blockers): class IA: Ajmaline (off-label). Quinidine (out of trade) Procainamide (out of commerce) Class IB: Lidocaine Phenytoin (not approved for this indication in many countries). Tocainide (not commercially available in many countries). Mexiletine (not on sale in many countries). Class IC: Encainid … Antiarrhythmics
Cardiac glycosides are drugs that have a positive effect on the beating power of the heart while lowering the heart rate. They are used to treat heart disease. What are cardiac glycosides? Cardiac glycosides are often referred to as digitalis. This name is in reference to the foxglove (digitalis), which contains cardiac glycosides in fairly … Cardiac Glycosides: Effects, Uses & Risks
Gentle healing methods with plant-based medicines, so-called “phytopharmaceuticals“, were already used 6,000 BC. Whether in China, Persia or Egypt, among the Incas, Greeks or Romans – all great world empires cultivated medicinal plants for medical purposes. The knowledge of their effects was and is passed down orally or in writings and constantly expanded by new … History of Herbal Medicine
Products Isosorbide dinitrate is commercially available in many countries in the form of tablets, sustained-release tablets, sustained-release capsules, as an infusion concentrate, and as a spray (Isoket). The drug first came on the market in the 1940s. Structure and properties Isosorbide dinitrate (C6H8N2O8, Mr = 236.14 g/mol) exists as a white, fine, crystalline and odorless … Isosorbide Dinitrate
Products Sodium picosulfate is commercially available in the form of tablets, soft capsules (pearls), and drops (e.g., Laxoberon, Dulcolax Picosulfate). It has been approved in many countries since 1973. Structure and properties Sodium picosulfate (C18H13NNa2O8S2, Mr= 481.41 g/mol) is structurally closely related to bisacodyl. The difference is that it is esterified with sulfuric acid instead … Sodium Picosulfate
Products Sodium sulfate is available in pharmacies and drugstores as open goods. Structure The European Pharmacopoeia contains two monographs. Glauber’s salt proper is sodium sulfate decahydrate. Sodium sulfate decahydrate Glauber’s salt Na2SO4 – 10 H2O Natrii sulfas decahydricus Anhydrous sodium sulfate Na2SO4 Natrii sulfas anhydricus Commercially available, in addition to the two salts mentioned, is … Sodium Sulfate (Glauber’s Salt)
