Products Nasal sprays are very widely used and there are many different products on the market, which are approved drugs or medical devices (see below). Nasal sprays are also manufactured in pharmacies. Structure and properties Nasal sprays are solutions, emulsions, or suspensions intended for spraying into the nasal cavities. They may contain one or more … Nasal Sprays
Anatomical background Humans have 4 sinuses, the maxillary sinuses, the frontal sinuses, the ethmoid sinuses, and the sphenoid sinuses. They are connected to the nasal cavity by 1-3 mm narrow bony openings called ostia and are lined with a thin respiratory epithelium with goblet cells and seromucous glands. The ciliated hairs provide clearance of mucus … Acute Sinusitis
Products Xylometazoline is commercially available in the form of nasal sprays and as nasal drops (Otrivin, generics, combination products, for example with dexpanthenol). It was developed at Ciba and has been approved in many countries since 1958. Structure and properties Xylometazoline is present in drugs as xylometazoline hydrochloride (C16H24N2 – HCl, Mr = 280.8 g/mol), … Xylometazoline
Products Seawater is commercially available in the form of nasal rinsing solutions and nasal sprays, among other products. As a rule, these are medical devices and not approved medicines. This article refers to nasal use. Structure and properties The products usually contain natural, purified (filtered), sterile seawater without chemical additives or preservatives. They may be … Seawater
Symptoms Production of sounds through the upper airway during sleep. Snoring is very common and is reported to occur in 25-40% of the population. Complications Snoring is primarily a social problem, for example in relationships, in military service, on vacation, in tents or mass camps. In other words, whenever several people sleep together in a … Snoring Causes and Remedies
Definition Medication overuse involves using self-purchased or physician-prescribed medications for too long, too much, or too frequently. The duration of therapy prescribed by a healthcare professional or by the professional and patient information is exceeded, the maximum single or daily dose is too high because of a dose increase, or the dosing interval is too … Medication Overuse
Symptoms Possible symptoms of hay fever include: Allergic rhinitis: itchy, runny or stuffy nose, sneezing. Allergic conjunctivitis: red, itchy, watery eyes. Cough, mucus formation Itching in the mouth Swollen, blue discolored skin under the eyes Fatigue Sleep disturbance due to the discomfort Hay fever is often accompanied by other inflammatory diseases of the mucous membranes. … Hay Fever Causes
Products Humidifying nasal sprays are commercially available from a variety of suppliers (e.g., Fluimare, Nasmer, Triomer, Emser Nasal Spray). Ingredients The solutions in the sprays usually contain one of the following salts: Sodium chloride (table salt) Sea salt with various minerals and trace elements. Emser salt with various minerals and trace elements In addition, active … Humidifying Nasal Sprays
Symptoms Affected infants rub their noses, point, pick their nostrils, and may experience discomfort or pain. An asymptomatic course is also possible, and the foreign bodies may remain undetected in the nose for hours, days, weeks, and even years (!). Over time, depending on the object, complications may develop, such as inflammation, an unpleasant odor, … How to Remove a Foreign Body in the Nose
Effects Nasal glucocorticoids are antiallergic, anti-inflammatory, and decongestant by locally inhibiting the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. They reduce nasal symptoms such as runny or stuffy nose, itching, sneezing, and sneezing, and may also have a beneficial effect on ocular symptoms such as itching, burning, redness, and tearing. In contrast to oral glucocorticoids, there are significantly … Glucocorticoid Nasal Sprays
Symptoms Possible symptoms of a cold include: Sore throat Sneezing, cold sniffles, runny nose, later nasal congestion. Feeling sick, fatigue Cough, Acute bronchitis Hoarseness Headache Fever is rare in adults, but is often observed in children Causes The common cold is caused in most cases by rhinoviruses, but numerous other viruses such as parainfluenza viruses, … Cold
Symptoms Possible symptoms of cold sniffles include a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, watery eyes, feeling sick, headache, and sore skin under the nose. A common cold may be accompanied by other symptoms of a cold, such as sore throat, hoarseness, cough and low-grade fever. Possible complications include tubal catarrh, middle ear infection and sinusitis. … Commond Cold: Causes and Treatment
