Products Inhalation anesthetics are commercially available as volatile liquids or as gases for inhalation. Structure and properties Most inhalation anesthetics are halogenated ethers or hydrocarbons. Also used are inorganic compounds such as the gaseous nitrous oxide. The halogenated representatives exist as volatile liquids with a different boiling point. Because of their odor and irritant properties, … Inhalation Anesthetics
Products Isoflurane is commercially available as a pure liquid and has been approved in many countries since 1984 (Forene, generic). Structure and properties Isoflurane (C3H2ClF5O, Mr = 184.5 g/mol) exists as a clear, colorless, mobile, heavy, stable, and nonflammable liquid that is practically insoluble in water. It has a slightly pungent and ether-like odor. The … Isoflurane
Products Xylazine is commercially available as a solution for injection. It is approved exclusively as a veterinary drug in many countries and has been since 1970. Structure and properties Xylazine (C12H16N2S, Mr = 220.3 g/mol) is a thiazine derivative. It exists as a white crystalline powder that is readily soluble in water. In veterinary medicine … Xylazine
Products Desflurane is commercially available as a liquid for the preparation of a vapor for inhalation (Suprane). It has been approved in the United States since 1992 and in many countries since 1995. Structure and properties Desflurane (C3H2F6O, Mr = 168.0 g/mol) is a hexafluorinated (halogenated) ether and a racemate. It exists as a clear, … Desflurane
Flurans are polyhalogenated hydrocarbons with an oxygen bridge (ether bridge) as a functional group. All five known flurans belong to the group of inhalation narcotics and are characterized by a very good hypnotic, i.e. soporific, effect. Their analgesic (pain-relieving) effect, on the other hand, is weak, so that fluranes are usually used in anesthesia together … Flurans: Effects, Uses & Risks
Isoflurane is a volatile anesthetic with hypnotic and muscle relaxant effects. As a volatile, halogenated inhalational anesthetic, it is suitable for induction and maintenance of anesthesia for surgical procedures. What is isoflurane? Isoflurane belongs to the group of fluranes on the one hand and to the class of inhalation anesthetics on the other. Isoflurane is … Isoflurane: Effects, Uses & Risks
What is general anesthesia? General anesthesia is called general anesthesia. General anesthesia is a procedure in which the patient is put into an artificial deep sleep and the consciousness and many natural reactions of the body are switched off. Independent breathing is also suppressed so that the patient has to be artificially ventilated. In addition, … General anesthesia for a cold
General anesthesia in adults during a cold A cold typically includes coughing and rhinitis. Both affect the airways. In the case of a cold (rhinitis), the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract are inflamed and swell up, resulting in a blocked nose. As a general rule, general anesthesia is best performed on a healthy patient. … General anesthesia in adults during a cold | General anesthesia for a cold
General anesthesia for children during a cold General anesthesia is more often used in children than local anesthesia, as they often do not yet understand the circumstances and become restless in the unfamiliar situation. In principle, children have the same risks of a general anaesthetic as adults. However, the risk of complications affecting the respiratory … General anesthesia for children during a cold | General anesthesia for a cold
Memory disorders In the context of anesthesia, drugs are often administered specifically to cause retrograde amnesia. This means that patients should lose their memories after an often unpleasant and painful procedure. Drugs that cause this memory altering effect are for example benzodiazepines, which are administered before the operation to calm the patient. Anaesthetics such as … Memory disorders | Side effects of general anesthesia
Side effects of general anesthesia in elderly people Older people are generally exposed to the same risks under general anesthesia as younger people. Injuries may occur when inserting the breathing tube (intubation), followed by sore throats due to slight injuries to the mucous membranes. Injury to the teeth during intubation is also possible. Furthermore, allergic … Side effects of general anesthesia in elderly people | Side effects of general anesthesia
Side effects of general anesthesia in children Even in children, certain side effects can occur after general anesthesia.Very small children are often very restless, crying or screaming for 10-15 minutes after waking up. This is due to a temporary state of confusion caused by the general anesthesia. Some children complain of nausea or vomiting after … Side effects of general anesthesia in children | Side effects of general anesthesia
