pioglitazone

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Causes and Treatment

Symptoms The possible acute symptoms of type 2 diabetes include: Thirst (polydipsia) and hunger (polyphagia). Increased urination (polyuria). Visual disturbances Weight loss Fatigue, exhaustion, declining performance. Poor wound healing, infectious diseases. Skin lesions, itching Acute complications: Hyperacidity (ketoacidosis), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome. Untreated diabetes is far from harmless and can lead in the longer term to … Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: Causes and Treatment

Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones)

Effects Glitazones are antidiabetic, antihyperglycemic, and antihyperglycemic, i.e., they decrease insulin resistance. Glitazones are selective and potent agonists at nuclear PPAR-γ. They improve glycemic control by enhancing insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver. Indications Type 2 diabetes mellitus Active ingredients Pioglitazone (Actos) Rosiglitazone (Avandia, off label). Troglitazone (Rezulin, out of commerce, liver … Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones)

Antidiabetics

Active ingredients Insulins substitute for endogenous insulin: Human insulin Insulin analogues Biguanides reduce hepatic glucose formation: Metformin (Glucophage, generic). Sulfonylureas promote insulin secretion from beta cells: Glibenclamide (Daonil, generic). Glibornuride (Glutril, off label). Gliclazide (Diamicron, generic). Glimepiride (Amaryl, generics) Glinides promote insulin secretion from beta cells: Repaglinide (NovoNorm, generic). Nateglinide (Starlix) Glitazones decrease peripheral insulin … Antidiabetics

Rosiglitazone

Products Rosiglitazone was commercially available in tablet form (Avandia). It had been approved since 1999 and was also commercially available in fixed combination with the biguanide metformin (Avandamet). The combination with the sulfonylurea glimepiride (Avaglim, EU, off-label) was not approved in many countries. A publication in on possible cardiovascular risks led to a controversy about … Rosiglitazone

Pioglitazone

Products Pioglitazone is commercially available in tablet form (Actos, generics). It is also available as a fixed-dose combination with metformin (Competact). Pioglitazone has been approved in many countries since 2000. Structure and properties Pioglitazone (C19H20N2O3S, Mr = 356.4 g/mol) belongs to the thiazolidinediones. It is present in drugs as a racemate and as pioglitazone hydrochloride, … Pioglitazone

Hirsutism: Excessive Hair Growth

Definition Increased body and facial hair in women corresponding to the male hair type due to androgen-induced conversion of vellus hair to terminal hair. Symptoms Excessive and altered hair growth (thick and pigmented) on the face, chest, abdomen, legs, buttocks, and back Acne Deeper voice Increased muscle mass Decrease in breast size Androgenetic alopecia Views … Hirsutism: Excessive Hair Growth

Glitazones

Synonyms in a broader sense Diabetes medication, medication Diabetes mellitus, pioglitazone (e.g. Actos®) Rosiglitazone (e.g. Avandia®) How do Glitazones Pioglitazone (e.g. Actos®) Rosiglitazone (e.g. Avandia®) work? The drugs from the substance group of glitazones with the two commercially available products pioglitazone (Actos®) and rosiglitazone (Avandia®) are also called “insulin sensitisers”. “Insulin sensitizers” because they increase … Glitazones

Side effects | Glitazones

Side effects Glitazones may cause heart failure after prolonged use in patients at risk or worsen in patients with pre-existing heart failure. Unfortunately, heart failure is particularly common in patients with type 2 diabetes. Doctors are therefore cautious and will not prescribe glitazones in patients with existing heart failure. Heart weakness becomes noticeable through water … Side effects | Glitazones