Products Spiramycin is currently marketed in many countries exclusively as a veterinary drug. Rovamycine tablets, which were approved in 1956, are no longer registered. Structure and properties Spiramycin (C43H74N2O14, Mr = 843.1 g/mol) is obtained from certain strains of or prepared by other methods. The major component is spiramycin I. Spiramycin II and II are … Spiramycin
Introduction Encephalitis is the inflammation of brain tissue. The isolated infection of the brain, without involvement of the meninges, is most often caused by viruses. The course is usually mild. However, the disease can also have severe to fatal consequences. More common is the inflammation of the meninges, which is called meningitis. In the case … Encephalitis
Diagnostics The main objective of diagnostics should always be to determine the type of pathogen, since the various therapies sometimes differ fundamentally. Since encephalitis caused by viruses is often milder, the diagnosis can be made more difficult. If symptoms are present, a throat swab as well as a stool and blood sample should be taken … Diagnostics | Encephalitis
Symptoms The symptoms of encephalitis can be milder or more severe, depending on the pathogen, and can thus have a strong influence on the therapy and course of the disease. In contrast to meningitis, encephalitis can generally be expected to have a milder course if the symptoms are recognized and treated quickly. In the beginning, … Symptoms | Encephalitis
Therapy Drug therapy depends strongly on the type of pathogen. In the case of bacterial (meningo-) encephalitis, the genus must first be determined by laboratory diagnosis, after which the appropriate antibiotic can be selected. A combination of different active ingredients increases the effectiveness of the treatment, whereby attention must be paid to possible allergies (e.g. … Therapy | Encephalitis
Prophylaxis As with all pathogens, hygiene precautions are generally considered the most effective prophylaxis against infections. Washing hands and disinfection after using public toilets or similar can kill most of the bacteria and viruses ingested. Likewise, various diseases transmitted during sexual intercourse, such as infections with HIV or Treponema pallidum, can be prevented by contraception … Prophylaxis | Encephalitis
Products Pyrimethamine is commercially available in tablet form (Daraprim). The combination Fansidar (+ sulfadoxine) is off the market (malaria). Structure and properties Pyrimethamine (C12H13ClN4, Mr = 248.7 g/mol) is a diaminopyrimidine. It exists as a white crystalline powder or as colorless crystals and is practically insoluble in water. Effects Pyrimethamine (ATC P01BD01) has antiparasitic properties. … Pyrimethamine
Symptoms Severe sore throat and difficulty swallowing, pharyngitis. Tonsillitis with yellowish-white coatings. Narrowing of the isthmus faucium (constriction formed by the palatal arches). Fever Fatigue Feeling sick, fatigue Lymph node swelling, especially in the neck, armpits and groin. Limb and muscle pain Headache Skin rash (only in about 5%). Lymphocytosis (increased lymphocyte count in the … Infectious Mononucleosis (Glandular Fever)
Products Clindamycin is commercially available in several dosage forms. This article refers to oral administration with capsules (Dalacin C, generics). Clindamycin has been approved in many countries since 1970. Structure and properties Clindamycin (C18H33ClN2O5S, Mr = 425.0 g/mol) is a semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin obtained from (7-chloro-7-deoxy-lincomycin). In the capsules, the active ingredient is present … Clindamycin
Symptoms Parasites can infest almost any region of the body. They can appear in the bloodstream, settle in the muscles or attack organs. Even the brain can be affected. Often the symptoms are not directly associated with a parasite infestation because they are very unspecific. The symptoms usually appear some time after the parasite infestation. … Symptoms | Human parasites
Therapy of parasites Since there are many different types of parasites or parasite infestation, there are also different therapeutic approaches. For head lice, the use of a special shampoo and a nit comb is sufficient to remove the parasites. Usually these can be purchased at the pharmacy. There are special drugs against worms, which kill … Therapy of parasites | Human parasites
Definition Parasites are small creatures that infest another living being in order to feed and/or reproduce. In microbiology, the term “host” is used in the context of the human or animal infested by the parasite. The host can be affected by the parasite in its life, but deaths do not usually occur. If a person … Human parasites