The anamnesis (medical history) represents an important component in the diagnosis of gynecomastia (breast enlargement). Family history Are there several men in the family who suffer from gynecomastia? Social history Current anamnesis/systemic anamnesis (somatic and psychological complaints). When did the breast change become apparent? Is the change unilateral or bilateral? Is the breast sensitive to … Gynecomastia: Medical History
The diagnosis of gynecomastia is a diagnosis of exclusion! Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99). Klinefelter syndrome – a numerical chromosomal aberration (aneuploidy) of the sex chromosomes occurring only in boys or men, which is manifested mainly by tall stature and testicular hypoplasia (testes too small ) – caused by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism(hypofunction of gonads). … Gynecomastia: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
Orchitis (ICD-10-GM N45.-: orchitis and epididymitis) is the inflammation of the testis (ancient Greek: ὄρχις orchis). Orchitis is often present in combination with epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis) and is then called epididymoorchitis. The following forms of orchitis (testicular inflammation) can be distinguished: Hematogenous-metastatic – occurring as a complication of infectious diseases such as mumps … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis)
Medical history (history of illness) represents an important component in the diagnosis of orchitis (testicular inflammation). Family history What is the general health of your relatives? Are there any diseases in your family that are common? Are there any hereditary diseases in your family? Social history What is your profession? Current medical history/systemic history (somatic … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Medical History
Neoplasms – Tumor Diseases (C00-D48). Testicular tumor, unspecified (these are usually painless; however, hemorrhage can cause acute scrotum) Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract-genital organs) (N00-N99). Epididymitis (inflammation of the epididymis), viral or bacterial. Testicular torsion (twisting of the testicular vessels), causing the blood supply to be cut off; often occurs during sleep (50%), but also … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
The following are the most important diseases or complications that can be caused by orchitis (testicular inflammation): Genitourinary system (kidneys, urinary tract-genital organs) (N00-N99). Azoospermia – absence of sperm cells in the ejaculate. Concomitant hydrocele (water hernia). Testicular atrophy Male fertility disorder or sterility (infertility). Epididymoorchitis – spread of inflammation to the epididymis and spermatic … Testicular Inflammation (Orchitis): Complications
Cardiovascular (I00-I99). Hemorrhoids, inflamed Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99). Schistosomiasis – worm disease (tropical infectious disease) caused by trematodes (sucking worms) of the genus Schistosoma (couple flukes). Erysipelas (erysipelas) – bacterial skin infection. Herpes simplex Herpes zoster (shingles) Tuberculosis of the urinary tract Mouth, esophagus (food pipe), stomach and intestines (K00-K67; K90-K93). Anal fissure – … Penile Pain: Or something else? Differential Diagnosis
A comprehensive clinical examination is the basis for selecting further diagnostic steps: General physical examination – including blood pressure, pulse, body weight, height; further: Inspection (viewing). Skin and mucous membranes Inspection and palpation of the genitals (penis and scrotum; assessment of pubescence (pubic hair), penile length (between 7-10 cm when flaccid), and testicular position and … Penile Pain: Examination
Laboratory parameters of the 1st order – obligatory laboratory tests. Urine status (rapid test for: pH, leukocytes, nitrite, protein, glucose, blood), sediment, urine culture if necessary (pathogen detection and resistogram, i.e., testing of suitable antibiotics for sensitivity/resistance). Urethral swab (urethral swab); collection no earlier than 3 hours after the last micturition (bladder emptying)!) Laboratory parameters … Penile Pain: Test and Diagnosis
Optional medical device diagnostics – depending on the results of the history, physical examination, laboratory diagnostics, and obligatory medical device diagnostics – for differential diagnostic clarification. I.v. pyelogram (synonyms: IVP; i.v. urogram; urogram; i.v. urography; excretory urography; excretory pyelogram; intravenous excretory urogram; radiographic imaging of the urinary organs or urinary tract system) – for imaging … Penile Pain: Diagnostic Tests
The following symptoms and complaints may co-occur with penile pain: Leading symptom Penile pain Associated symptoms Pain during urination (alguria). Fluorine (discharge) Hematuria (blood in the urine) Warning signs (red flags) Recurrent (recurring) pain on urination + man → think of: Cystitis (inflammation of the urinary bladder); here, further diagnostics may be required; in case … Penile Pain: Symptoms, Complaints, Signs
Penile deviation – colloquially called penile curvature – (lat. coles scoliosis) refers to a deformation of the penis of varying degrees. Note: Slight bending of the flaccid or erect penis can occur naturally. A distinction is made between congenital (congenital) penile curvatures (ICD-10-GM Q55.6: Other congenital malformations of the penis) and acquired penile curvatures: Congenital … Penile Curvature (Penile Deviation)
