When minoxidil is used to treat hair loss, the most common side effect is itching of the scalp. This is due to the fact that the solution used contains alcohol, which dries out the scalp. This can result in the formation of dandruff. In addition to dandruff, it can also happen that acne forms on the scalp.
Hair loss not a bad sign
At the beginning of the treatment, there may also be increased hair loss – however, this does not have to be a bad sign. In fact, in the long term, this will allow the hair to grow back more vigorously. All these side effects only occur when minoxidil is applied externally. If severe skin reactions occur, the drug should be discontinued.
Consequences of overdose
If minoxidil is taken in large amounts, low blood pressure, headache, and palpitations may occur. Likewise, tingling in the hands, feet, or face may occur. In rare cases, taking minoxidil may also cause the following side effects:
- Nausea
- Gastrointestinal discomfort
- Anemia
- Lung changes
Contraindications
Under certain circumstances, products containing the active ingredient minoxidil must not be taken. For example, the use of minoxidil is prohibited during pregnancy and breastfeeding. In children, the active ingredient should only be used under medical supervision and should not be applied topically.
In addition, minoxidil should also not be taken if.
- There is hypersensitivity to the active substance.
- Someone has a pheochromocytoma. A pheochromocytoma is a tumor that is localized in the adrenal medulla in 85 percent of all cases. This is because the administration of minoxidil can promote the release of catecholamines such as adrenaline and noradrenaline from the tumor tissue.
- Pulmonary hypertension is present that is due to valvular heart disease (mitral valve stenosis).
- Only a mild hypertension is present.
In patients who have suffered a heart attack, minoxidil must not be used until the patient’s condition is stable.
If minoxidil is used to treat hereditary hair loss, the drug must not be used if.
- Sudden or uneven hair loss occurs.
- Other medicines are used on the scalp.
- Hair loss is present in the temporal region.
Interactions with minoxidil
Interactions with minoxidil may occur with simultaneous use of guanethidine or bethanidine and alpha-receptor blockers. As a result, a very sharp and rapid drop in blood pressure may occur. Similarly, concomitant use of neuroleptics can also lead to an increased drop in blood pressure.
If betha receptor blockers are taken at the same time, this can result in increased activity of the hormones that regulate blood pressure. In addition, concomitant use of diuretics and minoxidil may result in increased water and mineral loss.