To prevent non-Hodgkin lymphoma, attention must be paid to reducing individual risk factors.
Behavioral causes
- Overweight/obesity: DLBCL (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma) increased by 31%, primary cutaneous lymphoma increased by 44%, marginal cell lymphoma.increased by 70%.
X-rays
- Condition after radiatio (radiotherapy).
- Condition after exposure to radioactive substances
Environmental pollution – intoxications
- Demolition of nuclear facilities (radionuclides of plutonium and uranium accumulate in the lymph nodes).
- Solvents such as benzene, toluene, xylene.
Primary prevention (protective factors)
- Consumption of organic products (68. 946 French adults; follow-up period 4, 5 years): the quarter of consumers with the highest “organic food score” was 25% less likely to develop tumor disease than the quarter least likely to have eaten organic foods (hazard ratio 0.75; 95% confidence interval: 0.63 to 0.88; highly significant); lymphoma occurred three-quarters less frequently in organic consumers (hazard ratio of 0.24 (0.09-0.66); non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma was as much as 86% less frequent (hazard ratio of 0.14 (0.03-0.66). CONCLUSION: It is possible that the increase in lymphoma and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma over the past 10 years is partly due to conventionally produced foods, which include pesticides. Note: The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has identified certain pesticides as probable carcinogens (Group 2A: malathion (organophosphate from the insecticide group), diazinon (thiophosphoric acid ester used as a non-systemic insecticide and acaricide), and glyphosate (biologically active major component of some broad-spectrum or Totalherbicides)), respectively, classified as possible carcinogens (Group 2B: tetrachlorovinphos (organophosphate) and parathion (alkyl phosphate)).
Secondary prevention (wg cutaneous lymphoma)
- Early skin cancer detection (skin cancer screening) using dermoscopy (reflected light microscopy; increases diagnostic confidence).