Congenital malformations, deformities, and chromosomal abnormalities (Q00-Q99).
- Sprengel deformity – congenital scapulothoracic deformity that is usually unilateral.
Blood, blood-forming organs – immune system (D50-D90).
- Splenic rupture (rupture of the spleen) [Kehr sign: left shoulder pain with accompanying hyperesthesia (hypersensitivity to touch stimuli) of the skin].
Cardiovascular system (I00-I99).
- Aortic aneurysm (outpouching (aneurysm) of the aorta).
- Acute and chronic arterial occlusion.
- Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) – stages of coronary artery disease (CAD) summarized that are immediately life-threatening. These include unstable angina/chest tightness or heart pain, acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) and sudden cardiac death (PHT).The pain can thereby radiate to both shoulders and arms.
- Acute thrombosis (vascular disease in which a blood clot (thrombus) forms in a vessel).
- Angina pectoris (“chest tightness”; sudden pain in the heart area).
- Thrombophlebitis (acute thrombosis and inflammation of mostly superficial veins).
- Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
- Pericarditis (inflammation of the pericardium)
Infectious and parasitic diseases (A00-B99).
- Herpes zoster (shingles)
Liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts-pancreas (pancreas) (K70-K77; K80-K87).
- Cholecystitis (gallbladder infection) – including pain in the right upper abdomen, which may radiate between the shoulder blades and into the right shoulder (older patients are up to 25% painless or have only mild, atypical pain!)
- Subphrenic abscess – below the diaphragm located encapsulated collection of pus.
Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M00-M99).
- Arthritis (inflammation of the joints)
- Osteoarthritis in the
- Acromioclavicular joint = acromioclavicular joint arthrosis (ACG arthrosis).
- Sternoclavicular joint = Sternoclavicular joint osteoarthritis.
- Biceps tendon rupture (tear)
- Biceps tendinitis – inflammation of the long, upper tendon of the biceps muscle.
- Chondrocalcinosis (synonym: pseudogout); gout-like disease of the joints caused by deposition of calcium pyrophosphate in the cartilage and other tissues; leads, among other things, to joint degeneration (often of the knee joint); symptomatology resembles an acute attack of gout → joint degeneration
- Chronic adhesive capsulitis (inflammation of the capsule).
- Chronic polyarthritis – chronic inflammatory multisystem disease, usually manifested in the form of synovitis (inflammation of the synovial membrane).
- Dermatomyositis – idiopathic myopathy (muscle disease) or myositis (muscle inflammation) with skin involvement.
- Frozen shoulder (Syn: Periarthritis humeroscapularis, painful frozen shoulder and Duplay syndrome) – Adhesive capsulitis; extensive, painful suspension of shoulder mobility (painful frozen shoulder).
- Joint dislocation (joint dislocation) – about 50% of all joint dislocations are suitable at the shoulder joint.
- Gout (arthritis urica/uric acid-related joint inflammation or tophic gout)/hyperuricemia (increase in uric acid levels in the blood).
- Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), formerly Wegener’s granulomatosis – necrotizing (tissue dying) vasculitis (vascular inflammation) of the small to medium-sized vessels (small vessel vasculitides), which is accompanied by granuloma formation (nodule formation) in the upper respiratory tract (nose, sinuses, middle ear, oropharynx) as well as the lower respiratory tract (lungs)
- Hemarthros (joint hemorrhage).
- Humeral head necrosis – change caused by impaired blood flow to the humeral head.
- Impingement syndrome (English “collision”) – the symptomatology of this syndrome is based on the presence of a constriction of the tendon structure in the shoulder joint.and thus a functional impairment of joint mobility. It is mostly caused by degeneration or entrapment of capsular or tendon material. Degeneration or injury of the rotator cuff is the most common cause here. Symptom: Affected patients can hardly lift their arm above shoulder height due to the increasing impingement of the supraspinatus tendon. The actual impingement occurs subacromially, which is why this is called subacromial syndrome (short: SAS).
- Incisura-scapulae syndrome (synonyms: subacromial tightness syndrome; subacromial impingement) – refers to compression of the suprascapular nerve; as a result, strength reduction and atrophy of the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles often occur
- Dislocation of the acromio-clavicular joint (ACG) – dislocation of the AC joint (joint connection between the clavicle (collarbone) and the acromion of the scapula (shoulder blade)).
- Milwaukee shoulder (synonym: idiopathic shoulder joint arthritis) – mild shoulder pain and joint effusion (also with knee joint effusion in about 50% of cases) occurring predominantly in older women (80% of cases) due to deposits of apatite crystals (apatite arthropathy)
- Myofascial shoulder pain or myofascial pain syndrome (MSS) – a musculoskeletal pain condition characterized by local and radiating pain, which is perceived as deep-seated pain.
- Omarthrosis (shoulder joint wear) – occurrence usually in older age, but earlier than at the hip and knee.
- Osteomyelitis (bone marrow inflammation)
- Periarthropathia humeroscapularis (PHS) – generic term for various degenerative processes in the rotator cuff (muscle group that is very important for the stability of the shoulder joint), joint capsule or biceps tendon at the shoulder joint.
- Polymyalgia rheumatica (rheumatic multimuscle pain) – disease of the rheumatic type.
- Polymyositis – autoimmune disease affecting the skin and muscles.
- Rotator cuff lesion, esp. rotator cuff rupture – partial or complete continuity interruption of tendon fibers of the above muscle group; usually due to a fall or minor accident; pain localization: area of the deltoid muscle with pain at nightPrevalence (disease frequency) across all age groups: 5-40%; from the fiftieth year of life about 25%.
- Bursitis
- Shoulder-arm syndrome (neck-shoulder-arm syndrome; cervicobrachialgia) – multifactorial symptom complex; most common causes are myofascial ( “affecting the muscles and fascia”) complaints, for example, due to myogelosis (muscle hardening) or muscle imbalance of the cervical spine; Other causes are degenerative phenomena of the cervical spine (osteochondrosis, spondylarthrosis), shoulder diseases (impingement syndrome, frozen shoulder, omarthrosis, ACG arthrosis, rotator cuff lesion) and internal diseases (lung diseases, diseases of the gallbladder, liver and spleen, and rheumatological diseases). Note: Persistent complaints, especially with neurological deficits, should also think of a spinal or neuroforaminal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal / channel along the spine) or a herniated disc (herniated disc).
- Shoulder joint infection
- Shoulder instability
- Shoulder joint dislocation (shoulder dislocation)
- Seronegative spondyloarthropathy – inflammation of the small vertebral joints.
- Spinoglenoid cyst
- Subluxations (incomplete dislocation of a joint with the condyle still partially in the glenoid cavity) of the long biceps tendon
- Superior-labrum-anterior-and-posterior(SLAP) lesion – shearing of the long biceps tendon (tendon of the humeral flexor muscle) at its anchorage to the glenoid (outer socket of the scapula) with involvement of the labrum glenoidale (glenoid lip or cartilaginous lip; 3-4 mm wide, bulging outline of the glenoid cavity).
- Tendinosis calcarea of the shoulder (calcific shoulder) – calcification mostly in the area of the attachment tendon of the supraspinatus muscle; prevalence: about 10% in asymptomatic patients/about 50% becomes symptomatic; often spontaneously regressive (regressing); more men than women; incidence of bilateral: 8-40%.
- Cervical disc herniation – herniated disc in the cervical spine.
Neoplasms – tumor diseases (C00-D48)
- Chondromatosis – occurrence of multiple benign tumors in bone.
- Metastases (daughter tumors) from unspecified neoplasms.
- Pancoast tumor (synonym: apical sulcus tumor) – rapidly progressive peripheral bronchial carcinoma in the area of the lung apex (apex pulmonis); rapidly spreading to the ribs, soft tissues of the neck, brachial plexus (ventral branches of the spinal nerves of the last four cervical and first thoracic segments (C5-Th1)) and vertebrae of the cervical and thoracic spine (cervical spine, thoracic spine)); disease often manifests with a characteristic pancoast syndrome: shoulder or Arm pain, rib pain, paresthesia (sensory disturbances) in the forearm, paresis (paralysis), hand muscle atrophy, upper influence congestion due to constriction of the jugular veins, Horner’s syndrome (triad associated with miosis (pupil constriction), ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid) and pseudoenophthalmos (apparently sunken eyeball)).
Psyche – Nervous System (F00-F99; G00-G99).
- Carpal tunnel syndrome (KTS) – compression syndrome (narrowing syndrome) of the median nerve in the region of the carpal canal.
- Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS); synonyms: Algoneurodystrophy, Sudeck’s disease, Sudeck’s dystrophy, Sudeck-Leriche syndrome, sympathetic reflex dystrophy (SRD)) – neurological-orthopedic clinical picture, which is based on an inflammatory reaction after injury to an extremity and in addition, the central pain processing is involved in the event; represents a symptomatology in which there are severe circulatory disturbances, edema (fluid retention) and functional restrictions after the intervention, as well as hypersensitivity to touch or pain stimuli; Occur in up to five percent of patients after distal radius fractures, but also after fractures or minor trauma to the lower extremity; early functional treatment (physical and occupational therapy), with medications for neuropathic pain (“nerve pain) and with topical (“local”) therapies lead to better long-term results.
- Compression of the brachial plexus by tumors (breast carcinoma/breast cancer, Pancoast tumor, Hodgkin’s disease, lymphosarcoma).
- Compression syndrome (costo-clavicular syndrome, scalenus syndrome).
- Nerve compression syndromes (e.g., dorsal scapular nerve or suprascapular nerve).
- Neuritis of the brachial plexus (synonyms: plexus neuritis or neuralgic shoulder amyotrophy/muscle atrophy) – acute inflammation of the brachial plexus associated with severe pain and paralysis of the shoulder and arm muscles.
- Supinator syndrome (synonyms: supinator tunnel syndrome; N. interosseus-post. syndrome NIP) – nerve compression syndrome of the forearm, near the elbow. Here, an important arm nerve (the radial nerve) passes through the supinator muscle; compression of the profundus radial nerve under Frohse’s arcade.
- Syringomyelia – neurological disorder that usually begins in middle age and results in cavities in the gray matter of the spinal cord.
- Thoracic-outlet syndrome (TOS; shoulder girdle compression syndrome) – temporary or permanent compression of a vascular nerve bundle consisting of brachial plexus, subclavian artery, and subclavian vein; considered one of the most controversial nerve compression syndromes
- Ulnar groove syndrome (synonym: sulcus ulnaris syndrome or cubital tunnel syndrome) – pressure damage to the ulnar nerve at the elbow.
- Cervical disc herniation – herniated disc in the cervical spine.
Injuries, poisonings and other consequences of external causes (S00-T98).
- Fracture (fracture of a bone), unspecified
- Humerus head fracture (fracture of the head of the humerus)
- Humerus fracture, proximal (fracture of the humerus near the shoulder) – the third most common extremity fracture in humans; typical indicator fracture; clinical signs: pain, limitation of movement and a hematoma (bruise) in the area of the upper arm of osteoporosis (bone loss).
- Splenic rupture (rupture of the spleen)
- Scapular fracture (fracture of the scapula)
- Injuries of the shoulder (fractures, subluxations, dislocations), unspecified.
- Cervical spine injuries (vertebral fractures, soft tissue lesions, whiplash of the cervical spine).
