A heart stumble is colloquially referred to as an irregular sequence of heartbeats, for example in the form of double beats or skips. In most cases, these are cardiac arrhythmias, so-called arrhythmias, which can indicate a disease, but are often harmless. The exact diagnosis can only be made if the felt heart stutter can also … Heart Palpitations: Causes, Treatment & Help
Symptoms Fatigue is a physiological and subjective response of the organism to mental and physical exertion. It is undesirable when it occurs rapidly, frequently, and excessively. Fatigue manifests itself, among other things, in a lack of energy, exhaustion, weakness, listlessness, and reduced performance and motivation. It can also be accompanied by irritability. Fatigue occurs acutely … Fatigue
Effects Smart drugs are pharmaceutical agents that (are intended to) improve the brain’s cognitive abilities: Promote concentration, alertness, attention and receptivity. Increase intelligence and the ability to think Improvement of the imagination Improving understanding and memory Increase creativity This is also referred to as or in English. The effects are based, among other things, on … Smart Drugs
Products Carteolol is available in the form of extended-release eye drops (Arteoptic LA). Carteolol has been approved in many countries since 1984. Arteopilo, the combination with pilocarpine, is no longer marketed in many countries. Structure and properties Carteolol (C16H24N2O3, Mr = 292.4 g/mol) is a dihydroquinolinone and a racemate. It is present in drugs as … Carteolol
Products Carvedilol is commercially available in tablet form (Dilatrend, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1995. Carvedilol is also combined with ivabradine fixed (Carivalan). Structure and properties Carvedilol (C24H26N2O4, Mr = 406.5 g/mol) is a racemate, with both enantiomers participating in the pharmacological effects. It exists as a white crystalline powder that … Carvedilol
Products Propafenone is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Rytmonorm). It has been approved in many countries since 1983. Structure and properties Propafenone (C21H27NO3, Mr = 341.4 g/mol) is present in the drug as propafenone hydrochloride, colorless crystals or a white crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water. The substance has a … Propafenone
Indications For the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Active ingredients Class I (sodium channel blockers): class IA: Ajmaline (off-label). Quinidine (out of trade) Procainamide (out of commerce) Class IB: Lidocaine Phenytoin (not approved for this indication in many countries). Tocainide (not commercially available in many countries). Mexiletine (not on sale in many countries). Class IC: Encainid … Antiarrhythmics
Products Sedatives are commercially available in the form of tablets, melting tablets, drops, as injectables and tinctures, among others. Structure and properties Sedatives do not have a uniform chemical structure. Effects The active ingredients have sedative properties. Some are additionally antianxiety, sleep-inducing, antipsychotic, antidepressant, and anticonvulsant. The effects are due to promotion of inhibitory mechanisms … Sedative
Products Beta-blockers are available in many countries in the form of tablets, film-coated tablets, sustained-release tablets, as capsules, solution, eye drops, and as injection and infusion solutions. Propranolol (Inderal) was the first representative of this group to appear on the market in the mid-1960s. Today, the most important active ingredients include atenolol, bisoprolol, metoprolol and … Beta Blocker Effects and Side Effects
Products Moxonidine is commercially available in tablet form (Physiotens). It has been approved in many countries since 1993. Structure and properties Moxonidine (C9H12ClN5O, Mr = 241.7 g/mol) exists as a white powder that is very sparingly soluble in water. It is an imidazoline derivative structurally related to clonidine. Effects Moxonidine (ATC C02AC05) has central antihypertensive … Moxonidine
Fat breakdown, also called lipolysis, occurs mainly in fat cells (adipocytes). The most important function of lipolysis is energy production. However, there are interfering factors that inhibit fat breakdown. What is fat breakdown? Fat breakdown, also called lipolysis, occurs mainly in fat cells. The most important function of lipolysis is energy production. Fat breakdown in … Fat Loss: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Products Olodaterol was approved in many countries in 2014 as a solution for inhalation (Striverdi). In 2016, a fixed-dose combination with tiotropium bromide was also marketed (Spiolto). Both drugs are administered with the Respimat. Respimat The Respimat is a new inhalation device that releases a visible spray, or aerosol. The droplets are fine and move … Olodaterol
