Definition In drug therapy, “off-label use” refers to deviations from the officially approved specifications in the drug information leaflet of approved drugs that are ready for use. Frequently, this concerns the areas of application (indications). However, other changes also fall under the definition, for example with regard to the dose, duration of therapy, patient groups, … Off-Label Use
Products Carboplatin is commercially available as an infusion solution (paraplatin, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1986. Structure and properties Carboplatin (C6H12N2O4Pt, Mr = 371.3 g/mol) is a platinum compound. It exists as a colorless crystalline powder that is sparingly soluble in water. Carboplatin is structurally related to cisplatin, the first platinum … Carboplatin
Products Olaparib was approved in the United States and EU in 2014 and in many countries in 2015 in capsule form (Lynparza). Later, film-coated tablets were also registered. Structure and properties Olaparib (C24H23FN4O3, Mr = 434.5 g/mol) Effects Olaparib (ATC L01XX46) has antitumor and cytotoxic properties. The effects are due to inhibition of PARP (poly-(ADP-ribose) … Olaparib
Products Inotuzumab ozogamicin was approved in many countries, in the EU, and in the United States in 2017 as a powder for a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Besponsa). See also under gemtuzumab ozogamicin. Structure and properties Inotuzumab ozogamicin is an antibody-drug conjugate directed against CD22. Inotuzumab is a humanized lgG4 monoclonal … Inotuzumab Ozogamicin
Products Gemcitabine is commercially available as a lyophilizate for the preparation of an infusion solution (Gemzar, generics). It has been approved in many countries since 1997. Structure and properties Gemcitabine (C9H11F2N3O4, Mr = 263.2 g/mol) is present in drugs as gemcitabine hydrochloride, a white substance that is soluble in water. The pyrimidine gemcitabine is a … Gemcitabine
Products and approval Fingolimod is commercially available in capsule form (Gilenya) and has been approved in many countries since 2011. First generic products were registered in 2020 and entered the market in 2021. Fingolimod was the first specific multiple sclerosis drug to be administered orally, rather than being injected subcutaneously or as an infusion. In … Fingolimod
Products Cabazitaxel is released as a concentrate for the preparation of an infusion solution. It has been approved in many countries since 2011 (Jevtana). Structure and properties Cabazitaxel (C45H57NO14, Mr = 835.9 g/mol) is a taxane semisynthetically derived from a constituent of yew needles. It is structurally closely related to docetaxel, which is itself a … Cabazitaxel
Products Capecitabine is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Xeloda, generic). It has been approved in many countries since 1998. Structure and properties Capecitabine (C15H22FN3O6, Mr = 359.4 g/mol) is a prodrug and is converted to the cell-toxic 5-fluorouracil, the active drug, in a three-step process. Capecitabine exists as a white crystalline powder … Capecitabine
Products Gliclazide has been commercially available in sustained-release tablet form and approved in many countries since 1978. The sustained-release dosage forms entered the market in 2001. In addition to the original Diamicron MR, sustained-release generics have been available since 2008. Sales of the non-retarded Diamicron 80 mg were discontinued in 2012. Structure and properties Gliclazide … Gliclazide
Structure and properties Daunorubicin (C27H29NO10, Mr = 527.5 g/mol) Effects Daunorubicin (ATC L01DB02) is a cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic. It is isolated from cultures of various Streptomyces strains. By intercalation into DNA, it inhibits topoisomerase II and thereby nucleic acid and protein synthesis and cell division. Indications Leukemia Hodgkin’s disease Neuroblastoma
Symptoms Oral mucositis manifests as redness, swelling, pain, a burning sensation, aphthae, a white to yellowish coating, sores, ulceration, bleeding, and bad breath, among other symptoms. The tongue and gums may also be affected. The discomfort may increase in association with eating. Sores can be so painful that food intake is limited, which can lead … Oral Mucositis
Symptoms Oral thrush is an infection of the mouth and throat with Candida fungi. Different manifestations are distinguished. The actual oral thrush is usually called acute pseudomembranous candidiasis. The leading symptom is the white to yellowish, small-spotted, partially intermingled coating of the mucous membranes in the mouth and throat area. It consists of epithelial cells, … Oral Thrush
