Products Lercanidipine is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Zanidip, Zanipress + enalapril). It has been approved in many countries since 2004. Generic versions were registered in 2014. Structure and properties Lercanidipine (C36H41N3O6, Mr = 611.7 g/mol) is a dihydropyridine. It is present in drugs as lercanidipine hydrochloride. The -enantiomer is primarily active. … Lercanidipine
Products Anagrelide is commercially available in capsule form (thromboreductin, Xagrid, generic). Structure and properties Anagrelide hydrochloride (C10H8Cl3N3O, Mr = 292.5 g/mol) is present in drugs as anagrelide hydrochloride monohydrate. Effects Anagrelide (ATC L01XX35) reduces platelet counts in peripheral blood. The mechanism of action is not precisely known but is probably related to megakaryocyte maturation. Indications … Anagrelide
Products Panobinostat was approved in many countries in 2015 in capsule form (Farydak). Structure and properties Panobinostat (C21H23N3O2, Mr = 349.4 g/mol) is present in the drug as panobinostat lactate, a white to slightly yellow or brownish powder that is sparingly soluble in water. It is an indole, a hydroxamic acid, and a propenamide derivative. … Panobinostat
Products Hydrochlorothiazide is commercially available in numerous antihypertensive agents in combination with ACE inhibitors, sartans, renin inhibitors, potassium-sparing diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and beta blockers. Use as a monopreparation (Esidrex) is less common. Hydrochlorothiazide has been approved in many countries since 1958. Structure and properties Hydrochlorothiazide (C7H8ClN3O4S2, Mr = 297.7 g/mol) is a white crystalline … Hydrochlorothiazide
Products Methyldopa is commercially available in the form of film-coated tablets (Aldomet). It has been approved in many countries since 1962. Structure and properties Methyldopa (C10H13NO4, Mr = 211.2 g/mol) is an α-methylated derivative of the amino acid and dopamine precursor levodopa. It is present in drugs as anhydrous methyldopa (Methyldopum anhydricum) or as methyldopa … Methyldopa
General information In acute and chronic kidney failure, the clinical picture differs significantly depending on the cause and thus the course of the kidney failure, especially at the beginning of the disease. Acute kidney failure leads to the sudden appearance of unspecific symptoms. Patients tire more quickly than before, and concentration difficulties and nausea can … Symptoms of kidney failure
Products Treosulfan was approved in the EU in 2019 and in many countries in 2020 as a powder for the preparation of an infusion solution (Trecondi). Structure and properties Treosulfan (C6H14O8S2, Mr = 278.3 g/mol) Effects Treosulfan (ATC L01AB02) has cytotoxic and antineoplastic properties. It is a prodrug of a bifunctional alkylating agent active against … Treosulfan
Diagnosis The diagnosis of bone edema in the knee is often difficult because the possible symptoms, such as pain or restricted mobility, are non-specific and in most cases have other causes. This is compounded by the fact that bone edema often causes no symptoms at all for a long time. In order to make a … Diagnosis | Bone edema at the knee
Duration of the disease No general statement can be made about the duration of bone edema in the knee. It depends on the cause of water retention and can range from a few days to several months. In some cases, bone edema in the knee does not completely disappear and is therefore permanent. More important … Duration of the disease | Bone edema at the knee
Introduction A normal, healthy heart is about the size of a closed fist. However, if the heart muscle is thickened, it is enlarged, as this is a disease characterized by a thickening of the walls of the ventricles. Medically, it is also known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In most cases, the heart is not evenly affected … Heart muscle thickening
Symptoms Due to the insufficient pumping capacity resulting from the pathological thickening of the heart muscle, the patient feels a reduction in performance above a certain degree of severity, especially under physical stress. In the initial stage, however, the disease can also proceed completely without symptoms, which explains why the thickening of the heart muscle … Symptoms | Heart muscle thickening
Prognosis Thickening of the heart muscle is not a curable disease. Since the mechanism of its development is very complex and various factors contribute to it, it is not always easy to adjust, especially in the late stages. However, if it is discovered in the early stages, suitable medication and an adapted lifestyle can prevent … Prognosis | Heart muscle thickening
