Effects Glucocorticoids (ATC R03BA02) have anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, and immunosuppressive properties. The effects are based on binding to intracellular receptors, resulting in an influence on protein expression. In addition, glucocorticoids also exert extragenomic effects. All agents are lipophilic (virtually insoluble in water) and thus enter cells well across the cell membrane. Indications For the treatment of … Inhaled Glucocorticoids
Products Hydrocortisone acetate eye ointment Hydrocortisone-POS 1% was approved in many countries in 2014. Structure and properties Hydrocortisone acetate (C23H32O6, Mr = 404.5 g/mol) exists as a white crystalline powder that is practically insoluble in water. It is an acetylated hydrocortisone (cortisol). Effects Hydrocortisone acetate (ATC S01BA02) has anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, immunosuppressive, and antipruritic properties. The … Hydrocortisone Acetate Eye Ointment
Products Methamphetamine is no longer registered as a drug in many countries. Pervitin has been out of commerce for some time. Methamphetamine is one of the narcotics and is subject to more stringent prescription requirements, but it is not a banned substance. In principle, medicines could be prepared in pharmacies as a magisterial prescription. In … Methamphetamine
The iris, or iris, is a pigment-enriched structure in the eye between the cornea and the lens that encloses the visual hole (pupil) in the center and serves as a kind of diaphragm for optimal imaging of objects on the retina. Muscles in the iris can regulate the size of the pupil and thus the … Iris: Structure, Function & Diseases
Products Brinzolamide is form of eye drops commercially available (Azopt) and approved in many countries since 1991. Generic versions were released in 2015. Brinzolamide has also been available in a fixed combination with timolol since 2009 (Azarga). In 2015, a fixed combination with brimonidine was approved; see brinzolamide brimonidine (Simbrinza). Structure and properties Brinzolamide (C12H21N3O5S3, … Brinzolamide
Cortisone or cortisone is a, in many areas, very effective drug that can be applied in various ways. However, due to the wide range of side effects, cortisone should not be used in higher doses over a long period of time. What is cortisone? Cortisone or cortisone is a, in many areas, very effective drug … Cortisone: Effects, Uses & Risks
Products Diphenhydramine is commercially available in tablet, drop, and gel forms (e.g., Benocten, Nardyl Sleep, Fenipic plus), among others. It is also known as Benadryl in some countries. Diphenhydramine was developed in the 1940s. It is also a component of the active ingredient dimenhydrinate. Structure and properties Diphenhydramine (C17H21NO, Mr = 255.4 g/mol) is present … Diphenhydramine
Products Amyl nitrite is commercially available in the form of ampoules (Amyle Nitrite Inhalant USP). The product, available in many countries, is imported from abroad and is not officially approved as a drug. Amyl nitrite is included in the Federal Office of Public Health‘s antidote list and must be stocked in hospitals for the treatment … Amyl Nitrite
Not only adults of different age groups suffer from an existing visual impairment. Even very young children and newborns can already develop a visual impairment. What is a visual impairment? A visual impairment is considered to be a more or less intense impairment of vision or the ability to perceive visually. Without treatment, a visual … Visual Impairment: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment
The optic nerve is responsible for making it possible for people to recognize their environment. Thus, it is one of the most important parts of the eyes. At the same time, different diseases can limit the function of the optic nerve. What is the optic nerve? The optic nerve is made up of nerve fibers. … Optic Nerve: Structure, Function & Diseases
Visual acuity is the sharpness with which a visual impression from the environment is imaged on the retina of a living being and processed in its brain. Factors such as receptor density, receptive field size, and the anatomy of the dioptric apparatus affect visual acuity in individual cases. Macular degeneration is one of the most … Visual Acuity: Function, Tasks, Role & Diseases
Products Prostaglandin analogues are commercially available in the form of eye drops in vials or as monodoses without preservatives. Latanoprost (Xalatan) was the first agent from this group to be approved in 1996. Prostaglandin analogues are also combined with the beta-blocker timolol fix. Structure and properties Prostaglandin analogs are derivatives of prostaglandin F2α. Except for … Prostaglandin Analogs
