Products Maltose is used as an excipient in pharmaceuticals as well as in various foods. It is a natural compound found in many plants. Structure and properties Maltose (C12H22O11, Mr = 342.3 g/mol) is a disaccharide consisting of two molecules of glucose covalently and α-1,4-glycosidically bonded together. It exists as a white, crystalline powder with … Maltose
Products Nadroparin is commercially available as a solution for injection (Fraxiparine, Fraxiforte). It has been approved in many countries since 1988. Structure and properties Nadroparin is present in the drug as nadroparin calcium. It is the calcium salt of a low-molecular-weight heparin obtained by depolymerization of heparin from the intestinal mucosa of pigs using nitrous … Nadroparin
Products Amphotericin B is available in tablet, lozenge, suspension, and injection forms (Ampho-Moronal, Fungizone). It has been approved in many countries since 1964. This article refers to its use in the mouth and digestive system. Structure and properties Amphotericin B (C47H73NO17, Mr = 924 g/mol) is a mixture of antifungal polyenes obtained from certain strains … Amphotericin B: Effects and Side Effects
Products Abametapir was approved in the United States in 2020 as an emulsion for external use (Xeglyze). Structure and properties Abametapir (C12H12N2, Mr = 184.24 g/mol) consists of two molecules of methylpyridine covalently bonded together. The active ingredient is present as an oil-in-water emulsion. Effects Abametapir has insecticidal and ovicidal properties, meaning it kills both … Abametapir
Definition Carboxylic acids are organic acids with the general structure R-COOH (less commonly: R-CO2H). It is composed of a residue, a carbonyl group, and a hydroxyl group. The functional group is called the carboxy group (carboxyl group). Molecules with two or three carboxy groups are called dicarboxylic acids or tricarboxylic acids. An example of a … Carboxylic Acids
Definition Aldehydes are organic compounds with the general structure R-CHO, where R can be aliphatic and aromatic. The functional group consists of a carbonyl group (C=O) with a hydrogen atom attached to its carbon atom. In formaldehyde, R is a hydrogen atom (HCHO). Aldehydes can be obtained, for example, by oxidation of alcohols or by … Aldehydes
Structure of matter Our earth, nature, all living things, objects, the continents, mountains, oceans and we ourselves are made of chemical elements that are connected in different ways. Life has come into being through the connection of elements. Chemical elements are atoms with the same number of protons in the nucleus. The number is called … Chemical Elements
Products Emulsifiers are available as pure substances, for example, in pharmacies and drugstores. They are found in numerous pharmaceuticals, cosmetics (personal care products), medical devices and foods. Structure and properties Emulsifiers are amphiphilic, meaning they have both a hydrophilic and lipophilic structural character. This allows them to mediate between the water and fat phases. Emulsifiers … Emulsifiers
Products mRNA vaccines are commercially available as injectables. The first in this group to be approved in many countries was BNT162b2 from BioNTech and Pfizer on December 19, 2020. Moderna’s mRNA-1273 is also an mRNA vaccine. It was released in the EU on January 6, 2021. Both are covid-19 vaccines. Structure and properties mRNA (short … MRNA Vaccines
Definition Amines are organic molecules containing nitrogen (N) atoms bonded to carbon or hydrogen atoms. They are formally derived from ammonia, in which hydrogen atoms have been replaced by carbon atoms. Primary amines: 1 carbon atom Secondary amines: 2 carbon atoms Tertiary amines: 3 carbon atoms The functional group is called the amino group, for … Amines
Products Antifungal products are commercially available as creams, ointments, powders, solutions, tablets, capsules, and injectables, among others. Structure and properties The antifungal agents are a structurally heterogeneous class of agents. However, several groups can be identified within the antifungals, such as the azole antifungals and the allylamines (see below). Effects Antifungals have antifungal, fungistatic, or … Antifungals
Products Ivermectin is commercially available in some countries in tablet form (Stromectol). It has not yet been registered in many countries and therefore must be imported from abroad if needed. Ivermectin has been used medicinally since the 1980s, initially primarily as a veterinary drug. This article refers to peroral administration in humans. See also under … Ivermectin
